International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Generative AI intensifies ethical risks around opacity, bias, responsibility gaps, and cross-cultural legitimacy. This paper synthesizes contemporary literature and proposes a layered governance model with three layers that translates universal ethical principles into culturally adaptive and sector-specific controls. The contribution is a practical pathway from principles to standards, enabling transparency, accountability, and contestability across the AI lifecycle.

The aim of the paper is to analyze the degree of practicing transparency and accountability through the index of active transparency by the units of local self-government (municipalities) from the South-west planning region in the Republic of N. Macedonia, with the possibility of free access to public information, the deadline within which the units responded to the request, accountability, integrity, budgetary and financial transparency, as well as the information on the competence and services offered by the units themselves.

This paper will focus on the implementation of decentralized technologies, such as blockchain, on the issuance and management of real estate properties, starting with ownership of the certificates. The focus will be the improvement of the actual process, as well as increasing integrity and trustworthiness of ownership certificates. A series of technology and methodology selections will be made, along with the main plan of setting up the decentralized networks and enabling communication with the user. We propose a framework to manage real estate property’s certificates and explain in detail the architecture of the system and each component of the system. This system will be based on Ethereum EVM, where the main execution will take place, the smart contracts will be deployed and the main dataset will be stored. IPFS will be used to store files such as photos or scanned documents and will be attached to the certificate in blockchain.