International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Today, as tourism is recognized as one of the priority sectors of the economy of Georgia and contributes to the socioeconomic development of the country, it is especially important to tudy the existing tourist transport infrastructure and introduce new innovative technologies in its management. As a result of the conducted research, we can conclude that the existing scientific-methodical and practical approaches in the field of tourism and transport cannot be considered effective enough to ensure the development of tourist transport infrastructure. An algorithm was developed for the development of tourist transport infrastructure. The mentioned method can be recommended in the field of tourism, for the development of tourist transport infrastructure.

Folk uses of wild plants for tea making are particular strongly linked to specific biodiversity and cultural knowledge. As part of Mediterranean climate, Albania and Kosovo have a reach plant diversity. This literature review, based on ethnobotanical studies in both countries, gather wild and cultivated plant species used in the form of the herbal infusions, with an attempt to document diversity of plant species and information for making herbal tea. Results obtained showed that plants listed in this study represented by around 150 taxa, grouped in 53 families. The Lamiaceae with 25 species, Asteraceae with 20 and Rosaceae with 17 species were the most represented botanical families. In Albania are used 128 plant species, while on Kosovo 75 species. Of these, around 53 plant species used in both countries, 75 species have usage only in Albania and 22 only in Kosovo. A large portion of the wild plant reports to be used as tea making in both countries. The most used plants in both countries are Origanum vulgare L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Melissa officinalis L., Achillea millefolium L., Rosa canina L. etc.

Climate change and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, have significantly increased interest globally in implementing technologies utilising renewable energy sources such as wind energy. This rise in interest it also in countries in which there is a lack of data showing longitudinal measures of wind speed. Balkan Wind Atlas was developed from Sander&Partner Institute in October 2014. It offers wind maps that are suitable to identify the windiest areas covering a surface of 325 000 km2 and a database for secured planning of wind energy for Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. This study investigated the high level of consistency of empirical wind measurements conducted on-site, compared to the ones offered in Balkan Wind Atlas. We also explore the ways of utilising the atlas through the WasP software to study wind potencial even in those areas where there are no on-site measurements, thus lowering costs for investments in wind farm projects. The evaluation of the wind energy potential in Topoja area was taken as a case study.

The combination of interests of TNCs and the state is considered. An assessment of the activities of the world’s largest TNCs. The dynamics of the number of TNCs in the top 100 companies in the world by country is determined. A comparative analysis of the size of market capitalization by sectors of companies. The contradiction between the international global nature of TNC operations and the territorially limited jurisdiction of the state was revealed. It was found that the market capitalization of multinational companies in the top 100 has decreased, but global companies have shown significantly better results than their smaller representatives have.

The position of the wood-processing industry in Slovakia has a stable and long-term tradition. The wood-processing industry has great potential in the country economy, to which high forest cover contributes. The aim of the submitted paper was to define the position of the wood-processing industry within the national economy of Slovakia, considering the age structure of enterprises and thus to present its potential. Current information on the researched issues was obtained through an empirical survey in the form of a questionnaire. The achieved results were subsequently processed by statistical methods and presented descriptively a graphically. It follows that most woodprocessing enterprises in Slovakia have a long-term tradition, and therefore the sector has the potential to become a pillar of the national economy.

The practice shows that the segmentation of the company business environment is making the strategic decisions difficult task for the bulgarian managers. A cardinal unit for company’s environment analysis is the so called strategic business-zone (SBZ) – separate section by the company’s surraunding, that the company has or wants to receive access to. SBZ qualified itself with consumer’s demand and needs and specific technology. They are characterized from parameters like: perspectives of the growth, from demand’s life cycle vew point; expected degree of instability and factors of successful competition for the future. The main task of survey is: to be explored the specific factors’ influence on the strategic decisions in the bulgarian enterprises.
The main exploratory theory is confirmed, that to be made enough adequately strategic decision bulgarian managers must to decide among so many different factors and select the appropriate strategic business zones with the biggest potential for the company.

Reverse logistics processes generate significant logistics costs if not optimized continuously and are often being undetermined. Logistics companies emphasize the necessity for optimization and process uniformization to its highest possible extent, while disadvantages as process duration, educated personnel, and unsatisfied consumers are reverse logistics barriers. For the paper research, the focus has been directed to reverse logistics process analysis at the location of a supplier on the Republic of Croatia logistics market. The case study consists of highlighting reverse logistics issues, on-site analysis, and possibilities to optimize time-consuming processes. Analysis has been provided throughout time measurement of individual reverse logistics process with suggestions for optimization.

Mankind faces a number of challenges in the 21st century. Many of them are related to the achievement of the goals and ideas set in the concept of sustainable development of modern UN society. The bio-sector, which is developing within the borders of the Bulgarian economy, has undergone rapid development in the last few years. Many factors have influenced this process, the most sign ificant of which are: increased demand for organic products in international markets, high levels of public support for this type of production and the availability of favorable climatic conditions for their development. Innovation is the main tool for achieving competitiveness and economic growth at all levels – enterprise, industry, region or country. They are the fundamental means of improving people’s quality of life. The purpose of this report is to present the results of a survey conducted among bio-enterprises in the regions of Bulgaria and to show that the green innovation in the bio-sectors is the foundation for regional economic, social and environmental prosperity. The results of the study summarize the main directions for achieving regionally balanced sustainable development.

The project for improvement of the production process based on the Lean methodology in SMELT-ING DOO was implemented in four phases (mini projects). The detailed analysis of the work orders in the period of 9 months provided clear picture of the current situation. With the defined methodology and through mutual meetings with the upper management and the employees of the company, the project team managed to introduce and implement the following mini projects: improved visualisation, digital work order, implementation of 5S and portable tools trolley. All these mini projects have improved the organization of the production process and helped the process of waste
elimination in the company.

The building sector in our country has an important share of energy consumption. According to Eurostat data, final energy consumption in the residential sector was estimated about 35 % of the total consumption. On the other hand about 75% of the electricity consumption takes place in the building sector. It should be noted that currently this sector faces many challenge, as the quality of energy supply (heating) in public buildings and the residential sector remains at low rates. Nevertheless, reducing energy consumption is one of the main targets set in the National Energy Strategy 2018-2030. By 2030 this target suggests 15.5 % of the energy reduction. This study has at its core the assessment of energy consumption in a public building placed in the city of Durres. Determining the typology and thermophysical characteristics of the building is of primary importance. The evaluation of the energy performance of the building in the dynamic regime was carried out through the Hourly Energy Analysis (HAP) software. The implementation of energy efficiency measures is carried out taking into account the energy and cost criteria. A cost analysis of EE measures was performed using the dynamic Net Present Value method.

Tourism is one of the engines for the regional economic development. The management of the development of the tourism potential of the region should be provided primarily through the development of tourism infrastructure. It is especially important to study the existing tourism transport infrastructure and introduce new innovative technologies in its management. We have studied several tourist facilities in the western region, among other issues, studied the tourism infrastructure and set the ways to increase the tourism potential in the region, which will contribute to the development of tourism in Georgia and the wider region and attract the visitors to the region.

Change is the only constant dominating business world today. How well managers cope with change has become a key skill which organizations look for. This applies in particular to marketing, where the rate of change is much faster than ever before. The purpose of this article is to reveal how change management can facilitate new marketing opportunities. The research methodology is based on an in-depth review and analysis of various qualitative and quantitative studies, of specialized literature in the field of change management and marketing. A model for change management in the marketing function is proposed, which helps a company to grow more innovative and with more marketing capabilities. This model improves marketing function through 5 steps: implementation of mission, vision and corporate values; implementation of information management systems; implementation of business culture of communication and brand identity; restructuring and optimization of processes and teams; continuous implementation of innovations and conducting trainings. It is argued that change management in the marketing department of a company under the influence of metamorphoses of external or internal factors can be seen as an opportunity for those managers who are agile, smart and visionary. The results summarized in this work may help marketing managers plan, implement and assess change processes, contributing to better company performance.