International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The article reviews and evaluates the factors affecting the revenue management system in hotel facilities. Based on the statistical data of the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2005-2023, it is determined here that at the current stage of the digital economy in the globalized world economic system, the service sector is one of the fastest growing sectors compared to other sectors of the economy and responds faster to the socio-economic processes taking place globally. The article reviewed the one-time capacity, room stock, revenue from the sale of rooms and total revenue of hotel facilities of the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2006-2023, and calculated the RevPaR indicator, which expresses the efficiency of their services, for these years. The study also conducted a correlation and regression analysis between the RevPAR indicator and revenue from the sale of rooms of hotel facilities in the Republic of Azerbaijan, and determined the extent to which an increase in revenue from the sale of rooms increases the RevPAR indicator of hotel facilities.

The usage of alternative fuels that reduce the emission of harmful components, but do not eliminate their presence (especially nitrogen oxides) will be analyzed in the article. researchers prove that operation process of diesel on standard fuel is characterized by the formation of nitrogen oxides during the combustion of a heterogeneous mixture of diesel fuel and air in those local zones, in which the composition of the mixture is close to the stoichiometric mixture. According to this, an actual problem today is to develop the method of perfect combustion process for diesels, when during the diesel operation the local values of air excess coefficient αi and temperature Ti will not be in the range in which nitrogen oxides and soot are formed. So, converting a diesel engine into gaseous fuel ensures a reduction of toxicity and smokiness in exhaust gases and from this point of view, the values of the air excess coefficient will be considered in accordance with the mode of diesel operation and possibility of using various types of impurities to improve fuel properties and, as a result of their consumption, to improve both, ecological and efficient indicators.

The paper presents a methodology focused on digital entrepreneurship education for bachelor students in economic specialties. The conceptual framework is to present on the one hand a useful model for students who plan to create their own business, and on the other – to focus on the collaboration between academic lecturers and business representatives to combine efforts in teaching that provides practical-applied results and stimulates entrepreneurship initiatives. In this regard, the paper aims to give a foundation for future entrepreneurs to apply key instruments for business digitalization. Based on this educational unit, it is possible for the students to implement a specific technic that will increase their digital competitiveness. The application of the listed tasks in the process of business idea development can be beneficial for students to create start-ups that overcome threats from the external environment and the continuous confrontation with new crisis situations.

In the development of new composite structural elements based on sedimentary rocks (clays) as inorganic binders and foam composite materials, their physical characteristics are presented for the construction of recipe compositions and the determination of their complex new properties. The role of the components of the compositions, together with organic reinforcing fiber materials such as straw, rice husks and others, basic parameters of the technological regime and other factors for ensuring adequate workability of the prepared composite compositions for obtaining building coatings and elements – bricks and panels for building ecological houses – is considered. The determination of the necessary technological characteristics of the composite mixtures ensures their effectiveness.

The aim of the project is to develop a sophisticated production process management system tailored for electric guitar manufacturing. This system will utilize various subsystems to continuously gather data on product quality, semi-finished products, work performance, resource usage and employee status. The system will automatically suggest modifications to the production process, enabling real-time optimization. The project plans to primarily employ non-contact measurement methods, which will be processed in real time and feedback into the production process optimisation.

The article examines the modern processes of development of passenger water transport in the context of the global transport system, and tracks patterns and trends in the development of port infrastructure and cruise shipbuilding in recent years. Environmental problems of various nature arising from the intensive development of cruise shipping, as well as ways to solve them, are
analyzed.

Nowadays there are millions of people who use the internet and each of them is a potential customer for a company that offers online sales. Due to the rapid development of technology, companies that are interested in selling their products through the use of the internet will have to constantly seek for a competitive advantage in this fierce competition. E-commerce is emerging as a new way to help businesses increase competitiveness and thus contribute to the country’s economic success. The COVID-19 situation made people live differently, buy differently and think differently. During the period of total quarantine of individuals but also of shops, online trading was seen as a necessity by companies. The internet is a good way to get new requests from consumers. This is why it is important for online retailers. During the COVID-19 period, companies needed to manage change, finding new ways to be close to customers through online sales, but also designing new ways of working. The purpose of this article is to identify the management of changes by Albanian companies in the use of technology as well as e-commerce during and after the COVID -19 period.

Albania has significant renewable energy resource potential from hydro, wind and solar energy. It is a special case regarding electricity generation because most of (99%) is provided using large and medium hydro power plants. So, energy generation in Albania is free from greenhouse gas emissions. But since hydrological conditions change from year to year, the country has been forced to support the import of electricity from countries in the region and mainly from Kosovo. The use of wind energy in Albania would not only reduce dependence on imports but also would affect the decarbonization of the energy sector in the region, which is supported by fossil resources. This study estimates the amount of CO2 that could be reduced if a renewable energy source, such as wind energy, would replace energy generation from the use of fossil fuels sources. In case when the energy is generated from coal thermal power plants in Kosovo, emitting an average of 1,205 tCO2/MWh, results in reduction of 36,632.5 tCO2 for generating 30.6 GWh electricity yearly and in case when electricity generation is from Vlora gas power plant, emitting an average of 0.341 tCO2/MWh results in reduction of 10,379.3 tCO2 for the same amount of electricity generated in first case.

In recent years, 3D printing has gradually appeared in people’s field of vision. The addition of wood in thermoplastics improve their some mechanical properties such as tensile and bending modulus without affecting its biodegradability. The decrease in the cost of filaments may enlarge the utilization of biodegradable filaments after the disposal in near future. Smallscale elements used in furniture production, such as connector fittings or fasteners for shelves, may give functional and structural
properties without significant investment. 3D-printed connections are suitable when the the production complex shaped connectors and quick disassembly are required, to reduce the product’s weight and price

Situational awareness is of fundamental importance when one is faced with the need to make adequate decisions regarding increasing performance or to make structural reforms in a certain field. Rail cargo transport is of paramount importance for both the increasing demand for intermodal transport and greener inland transportation. The Republic of Bulgaria has a unique geographical location which offers certain opportunities and limitations regarding the development and maintaining a strong and efficient transport sector. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader a snapshot of the current situation in the sector and to outline some good practices implemented by some world leaders in the rail transport sector which can be applied domestically to increase overall performance.

More that 80% of world trade is transported by sea. Ships are the primary means of transporting cars around the world as well. Most often, this is done with specialized ships called Ro-Ro (Roll on-Roll off), and sometimes, when it comes to individual units, in containers. One of the main concerns during such transportation is the fire safety of the ships. At the same time automotive technology is changing, electric powered vehicles are increasingly displacing internal combustion engines. In the last decade, the production of electric and hybrid cars has grown significantly, which has also led to an increase in the volume of their transportation. However, this also brought a new challenge – the risk of fire caused by their batteries malfunctioning. The danger of fire associated with lithium-ion batteries is well known and there have been quite a few such cases in recent years. The idea of this study is to highlight the conditions of carriage, the fire safety measures on board the ships, as well as the ways of fighting a possible fire.

The paper presents a methodology focused on the leadership style assessment based on exact characteristics of the business environment and their influence on the employees’ motivation. The conceptual framework is to explore the correlation between the applied leadership style, the level of uncertainty of the external environment, and the motivational level of the followers. In this regard, the paper aims to find dependencies among the leadership style and its behavioral application towards the level of motivation. Based on this research design, it is possible for the managers to implement a specific approach that will increase the employees’ motivational level in a concrete level of uncertainty of the business environment. The application of the methodological conditions in organizations from different industries can be beneficial for managers to smooth out an effective and cohesive team, which together overcomes threats from the external environment and the continuous confrontation with new crisis situations.