International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This report examines the characteristics of powerful supercapacitors, which are used in electric vehicles to perform their driving dynamics, as well as to power starter motors of powerful internal combustion engines in large trucks, military vehicles and more. Main requirement for supercapacitors is tobe able to deliver a large amount of electricity for about ten seconds, and for very powerful motors (over 100 kW) – for up to 15 seconds. Various technological methods have been reported for supercapacitorsproduction, including the onedeveloped by the current authors, which is based on a ceramic dielectric with a high relative dielectric constant.

In the Czech Republic, the rail transport market has been liberalized for several years – in addition to public services, commercial services of individual rail carriers operate too. Public services in long-distance rail transport are ordered by the Czech Ministry of Transport. In December 2019, the 10-year contract between Czech Ministry of Transport and Czech Railways will end. The approaching end of this contract was connected with great interest of other rail carriers, which led to the fact, that the Czech Ministry of Transport demanded individual long-distance rail lines in the form of so called “market consultations”. Preparing of the operational performance of individual long-distance rail lines for the needs of market consultations was a great challenge on the field of transport-planning. As a result, from December 2019 there will operate 4 different rail carriers in ordered long-distance rail transport in The Czech Republic and this situation is unique in its form and unparalleled throughout the EU.

A variety of A variety of methodologies are used across Europe for the estimation of railway infrastructure capacity. This paper introduces the basic principles of the analytical methodology (e.g. Slovak railways) and UIC methodology. On the basis of these new approaches, dependencies between occupation time and buffer time is researched. The aim is to compare the needed buffer time and its impact to the line capacity.

This article offers the new procedure of a general-purpose tractor mass and power calculation which is oriented on performance of certain kinds technological operations (sowing, plowing). Optimality criterions are total energy expenses considering yield energy which was lost because of wrong chosen tractor parameters. By multiple parameter optimization of a tractor parameters and the unit it is found out that there are optimum values of a tractor weight and power during the sowing and plowing, which do not coincide on size and remain stable at considerable change of environmental factors (properties of soil, parameters of field). Weight and power of a multi-purpose tractor providing the minimum total energy expenses during the complex of operations were indicated.