International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This study presents a framework for the digital profiling and online representation of traditional Bulgarian belt buckles (pafti) through the integration of structured cultural data and accessible 3D visualization approaches. The research is positioned within the context of Industry 4.0, where digital transformation, data-driven methodologies, and virtual representation increasingly influence the preservation and interpretation of cultural heritage. Traditional ethnographic artifacts are often documented through fragmented textual descriptions and static photographs, limiting their accessibility and analytical potential in digital environments. The proposed approach combines ethnographic documentation with data structuring and digital visualization techniques. Cultural attributes such as regional affiliation, ornamentation, material composition, decorative elements, and object form are organized into a structured descriptive model suitable for digital analysis and presentation. In parallel, the study applies a low-cost photogrammetry workflow for creating a digital representation of selected artifacts, supported by online visualization through a web-based environment and QR-based access. The results demonstrate how traditional cultural objects can be transformed into structured digital entities that support visualization, accessibility, and interactive exploration. The study highlights the potential of combining cultural heritage research with digital technologies in order to create accessible models for the preservation and presentation of ethnographic artifacts within contemporary digital ecosystems.

Ultimately, digitizing cultural heritage is not just about preservation; it is about enriching the cultural narrative, making it inclusive, and ensuring that knowledge and appreciation of our shared history are passed down to future generations. Digitization involves advanced techniques such as 3D scanning, high-resolution photography, and digital modeling. These technologies help create accurate and detailed representations of cultural assets, ensuring that the digital versions retain the original’s integrity and details. Ensuring high reliability for small-sized objects is a crucial challenge in digitizing cultural heritage sites, especially when dealing with objects that lack movement, transporting, low ambient light conditions, reflective material, etc. By incorporating three-dimensional models into the research and dissemination process, cultural heritage institutions can make their work more appealing and accessible to a wider audience, fostering greater appreciation and understanding of our shared cultural heritage.

The analysis of each traffic accident is carried out based on recorded traces at the scene of the traffic accident and the damage caused to vehicles. One of the basic parameters in the analysis of traffic accidents is the mutual position of the vehicle at the time of the collision. To define the collision position of the vehicle, it is necessary to determine the intensity and compliance of the vehicle damage. The development of photogrammetry has enabled the creation of 3D models based on which the intensity and mutual compliance of vehicle damage can be more clearly shown, which increases the relevance of the determined collision position of the vehicle. Accordin gly, this paper will present the process of creating 3D models of damaged vehicles and will analyze all the possibilities of applying photogrammetry in defining the collision positions of vehicles.