International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Development of artificial intelligence in recent years has opened new possibilities in numerical analysis and engineering design. This paper systemizes the main area of applications of artificial intelligence in engineering with emphasis on computational mechanics. Fundamental approaches of machine learning are described including artificial neural networks, convolutional neural networks (CNN) and physics-informed neural networks and their integration with the finite element method. Additionally, a review is given on the platform ANSYS SimAI platform which combines predictive accuracy of numerical simulations with the speed of generative artificial intelligence in a cloud or local computer environment reducing computational time by one or two orders of magnitude. It is worth noting that artificial intelligence is not a replacement for classical analysis, but a powerful tool which speeds up the innovation process and can expand boundaries of numerical modeling in engineering

Over recent decades, healthcare has undergone transformation through digitalization, and systematic data exchange. These developments have contributed to the emergence of Healthcare 4.0 and have changed the organization, delivery, and monitoring of healthcare services. Modern healthcare systems increasingly rely on interconnected technologies that link patient-based and hospital-based components into broader digital ecosystems, supporting communication, structured data sharing, and more continuous healthcare delivery. Wearable and sensor-based technologies have expanded home-based patient monitoring by enabling the collection and transmission of health-related data outside traditional clinical settings. This data may be shared with healthcare professionals and incorporated into the electronic health record (EHR), a one of the key components of modern eHealth infrastructure. However, clinical usefulness depends on effective integration, interoperability, and interpretation within healthcare information systems. Telemedicine platforms enable remote communication between healthcare professionals and patients and may provide access to selected clinical data in real time. This concept can support individualized counselling, continuity of care, and adherence to therapeutic recommendations. Nevertheless, telemedicine should not be understood as an isolated service, but as part of a broader digital healthcare ecosystem. Artificial intelligence (AI) has further expanded the potential applications of telemedicine across medical specialties and may contribute to improved healthcare efficiency. This article provides an overview of current eHealth systems and telemedicine, with attention to their integration into digital health infrastructure and future perspectives in the transition from Healthcare 4.0 toward Healthcare 5.0.

The study analyzes the impact of growing global economic instability on the innovation activity of Belarusian industry. Despite external pressures, the share of enterprises implementing innovations increased from 20.4% in 2016 to 36% in 2024, with especially rapid growth in the Brest region. However, innovation expenditures remain highly volatile, sharply declining in 2022 and recovering only by 2024, particularly in import‑dependent regions. Significant regional disparities persist in innovation performance: the Vitebsk region exceeds 30% of innovative products, while the Grodno region remains at 7%. Innovation services remain low nationwide but show rapid growth in individual regions. The findings indicate that innovation development in Belarus is progressing yet remains vulnerable to currency, logistics, technological, and sanctions-related risks, underscoring the need for integrated risk management models tailored to regional conditions.

The paper examines the relationship between environmental regulations and innovation processes in Slovak enterprises. The theoretical part is based on concepts of environmental policy, its instruments, environmental management and eco-innovation. The paper assumes that environmental regulations may function not only as constraints but also as stimuli for technological, process, product and ecological innovations. The empirical part is based on a questionnaire survey conducted among 121 enterprises operating in Slovakia. The results indicate that environmental regulations and environmental protection requirements influence business innovation processes, but they are not the only or dominant motive for innovation. Firms innovate more often due to social responsibility, economic efficiency, general legislative requirements and cost reduction. At the same time, the main barriers to innovation are high costs, complicated legislation and insufficient state support. The paper highlights the need for a more comprehensible regulatory framework, wider use of environmental management systems and stronger support for eco-innovation.

This article examines the role of innovative and strategic marketing in enhancing the competitiveness of businesses in an environment of rapid technological change. Particular attention is paid to a strategic approach to marketing planning, which involves a thorough analysis of consumer needs and market assumptions. The article emphasizes the need for continuous adaptation of product portfolios to changing market conditions and increasing fragmentation of customer segments. The concept of strategic innovation marketing is introduced as a key factor for successful product positioning, while its implementation in business strategies is considered essential for effective management of innovation processes. The final findings of the paper suggest that strategic innovation marketing not only promotes customer retention, but also enables the transformation of business models and supports the long-term growth of firms in an environment of rapidly evolving technologies.

As cyber threats continue to grow in scale and complexity, the demand for robust cybersecurity education has become increasingly urgent. This paper examines the application of cybersecurity awareness training and end-user behavioral protection simulation platforms within higher education settings. It analyses the challenges universities face in delivering both theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience in cybersecurity and highlights the pedagogical value of integrating simulation-based tools into undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. The study also underscores the importance of collaboration between academia, industry, and government to develop strategies for cultivating cyber competencies. By leveraging interactive platforms, institutions can better prepare students to recognize, respond to, and mitigate cyber risks in real-world environments.

The rapid integration of generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI) tools into higher education has significantly influenced student learning behaviour and academic practices. This research paper explores the ways in which undergraduate students at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” apply these technologies for both academic and non-academic purposes. The results reveal that students predominantly use Generative AI for academic support, such as explaining complex concepts, conducting research, and assisting in writing tasks. At the same time, they also engage with Generative AI for personal productivity, communication, and creative exploration. Despite having generally positive perceptions of academic effectiveness, students show critical awareness of risks related to information accuracy, privacy, and ethical use.

Monitoring and acting on basic energy consumption data in garment production does not provide information about performance improvement. The use of an energy Key Performance Indicator or metric is an effective method for overseeing, analysing, and optimizing any process related to energy. Typically, these performance indicators are employed by manufacturers who rely on energy as a crucial input in their production. Nowadays, for all garment production companies in Albania, energy is a key input in production and all are interested in having low energy Key Performance Indicators.
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of a garment production company time to time, through energy Key Performance Indicators and discuss the results.
The study has shown that the energy Key Performance Indicators help optimize any kind of energy relevant process and by comparing energy Key Performance Indicators the company performance can be evaluated time to time.
From the results for two different periods, the second year showed better energy efficiency or performance. Comparing the Key Performance Indicators of the same months over two years resulted in a significant decrease in the second year, but however different factors can influence (the complication of models, operators leave, etc). Average Key Performance Indicator decreased by 68.38 percent in the second year. The company has been able to produce more and use less energy. The fastest and most cost-effective ways to save money can be achieved by utilizing energy more efficiently.
Taking different measures led to a decrease in Key Performance Indicators (new efficient technologies, Photovoltaic system implementation, awareness raising, which will be discussed in future studies), which means better energy efficiency or performance.

A theoretical analysis of Industry 4.0’s effects on human resources management (HRM) is provided in this article. It looks at the potential and difficulties presented by the digital revolution, emphasizing the necessity of Smart HR 4.0. Workforce planning, job design, hiring, and staff development in response to emerging technologies like AI and big data are some of the major issues that have been studied. The significance of Education 4.0 in educating the labor force for jobs of the future is also emphasized in the essay. It emphasizes the necessity of HRM methods that change to meet Industry 4.0’s changing demands.

This paper evaluates the potential of waste-to-energy (WtE) solutions in managing industrial and municipal waste in Bulgaria. It provides an overview of current WtE technologies, including thermal, biochemical, and innovative processes, and assesses their applicability within the Bulgarian context. The study highlights environmental and economic benefits such as reduced landfill use, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, and energy recovery. By examining successful implementations in Bulgaria and other EU countries, the paper identifies key challenges and opportunities for scaling WtE solutions. The findings suggest that with the right policy support and investment, WtE can significantly contribute to sustainable waste management in Bulgaria

Recent studies indicate that over 80% of organizations have initiated their digital transformation journey, yet only approximately 25% perceive tangible benefits from these endeavors. Delving into the reasons behind these perceptions, it becomes evident that digital transformation lacks practical implementation. This research treats digital transformation as a project, adhering to project management principles. It delineates a pragmatic approach to digital transformation project management, highlighting key considerations at each stage. Furthermore, insights from an interview with Huawei Türkiye’s R&D director, HR business partner leader, and payroll and personal affairs manager shed light on Software as a Service (SaaS) as a pivotal component of contemporary digitalization. SaaS is believed to expedite successful integration, positioning companies favorably against competitors in remarkably short durations.

Sustainable entrepreneurship development meaning is a big challenge for scientific society and demands cooperation strengthening with entrepreneurs , princely states with structures and with youth who influence they make sustainable development in a new way on understanding and they need innovative approaches .
In this paper we have reviewed and investigated sustainable entrepreneurship development stimulates economic , social and environment dimensions which they form various prerequisites and certain circumstances are filled each other and hand promote in country sustainable entrepreneurial activity high level . It is important that countries they took obligation priority to be granted to advance , for which creativity, knowledge, technology and financial resources of society by addressed will be Sustainable Development Goals – SDGs to achieve all in context . This goals taking into account , by 2030 possible should to become all of a woman and of men complete and productive employment and decent of work achievement.
It is emphasized that countries should support the development of higher education, especially to increase the staff of higher professional education by expanding the educational balance, by increasing the financing of education for sustainable development, for the existence of more knowledgeable and qualified personnel.