Security & Future
Vol. 2 (2018), Issue 1

Table of Contents

  • THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SECURITY

    • INTEGRATED CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY MANAGEMENT

      pg(s) 3-6

      Integrated management should be seen as synonymous with good management, which means that it is necessary to manage the organization’s activities, resources, personnel, impact on its functioning and countless risks that can cause a lot of problems if it is allowed to be happen than if they being avoided.
      The best way to define the parameters of integrated security implies the use of a simple, clear and comprehensive approach and format that allows the senior management of the organization to focus on the key elements that need to be planned, implemented and managed to fulfill the mission of the organization.

    • CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES RESILIENCE EVALUATION – RESILIENCE APPROACH, RESILIENCE MODEL AND RESILIENCE INDICATORS

      pg(s) 7-10

      Aim of this report is to provide practical hints on how to evaluate the concept of Resilience in the domain of Critical Infrastructures (CI). The common understanding is that today best practices address cyber / physical protection of CI at the best they can, with traditional static and iterative solutions, trying to stop all possible known threats at the border of the single CI’s assets or CI’s full perimeter, ready to start with procedures of disaster recovery and business continuity in case of failure stopping external threats.

    • SECURITY STUDIES IN SERBIAN HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

      pg(s) 11-17

      Academic programs of security studies in former Yugoslavia were organized within the Faculty of People’s Defence in Belgrade and Faculty of Security in Skopje, as well as at colleges of professional police studies in Belgrade, Zagreb, and Ljubljana, all of them stateowned and aimed at schooling professionals in the national security sector. Following the Yugoslav dissolution, Western Balkan countries have continued development of their own higher education system synchronized with their European integration orientations. The cornerstones of European Union accession process in the area of higher education are mechanisms based on the Bologna Declaration, later
      institutionalized through the European Higher Education Area, which all the Western Balkan countries adopted and modified their higher education systems accordingly. The appearance of private higher education institutions was one of the first steps in the overall national reforms of these systems, where the Republic of Serbia is amongst regional countries with the biggest number of private universities, faculties, and colleges, especially in the social sciences and humanities. At the same time, the national security sectors went through the process of decentralization and privatization. These external and internal factors, combined with the global rise of importance of securityrelated phenomena, especially after the 9/11 events, brought the security studies in these countries in focus of interest of the existing and rising higher education institutions. Conflict heritage, the existing local security threats like extremism and terrorism, and a vast number of experienced national security officers with university titles, led to the appearance of various academic programs on terrorism, national security, national defence, and private security studies both on the existing state-owned and private universities and faculties. At the moment, the Republic of Serbia offers several dozens of higher education programs in security, on all the existing study cycles, within three different types of studies, and both for academic and professional levels. The paper will provide an overview of the existing higher education programs in the field of security and analyze the main discourses, directions and possible perspectives.

  • NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

    • MARITIME PIRACY AND ARMED ROBBERY EVOLUTION IN 2008-2017

      pg(s) 18-21

      Maritime piracy and armed robbery against ships are one of the contemporary challenges to the shipping and have global impact on maritime trade and security. Following the boom of Somali piracy in 2009-2011, there has been a downward trend since 2012, resulting mostly from the international counter-piracy efforts, with reaching its lowest value for the last 20 years in 2017. However statistics show doubling the number of attacks in some other regions in the last several years accompanied by increased levels of violence. This report presents a survey of maritime piracy and armed robberies over the last ten years (2008-2017) by regions and countries, as well as by type of attacks on ships, personnel and cargo, with the purpose to outline the trends in contemporary marine crime.

    • MODEL OF TACTICAL POLICE ACTION WHEN USING PHYSICAL FORCE

      pg(s) 22-25

      The police, as a public service, while performing its legal activities has at its disposal preventive and repressive forms of action. It is a rule that the preventive forms of action always have the priority, and only in specific circumstances the police is obliged to use repressive measures, such as: physical force, means of restrain, rubber baton, firearms, police dogs, etc. In this paper, only the use of physical force from tactical and security points of view is analyzed. This paper includes detailed analysis and elaboration of a model that refers to the most important phases of the police work. The structure of the model includes several tactical and security activities that determine the manner of tactical police actions during the whole procedure of performing police duties. The initial phase of the procedure includes: identification and evaluation of the seriousness of the threat, establishing verbal communication and maintaining optimally safe distance. The further phases, depending on the situation and according to the rules of self-defense, include using certain amount of physical force in order to reject the threat or to bring under control the resistance.

    • THE ATTITUDES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENSE POLICY

      pg(s) 26-26

      By asking the question of the creation of a single European army, we must say that the political will to integrate EU security and defense action is a primary factor. If Member States really want to guarantee the security of their citizens, to protect their humanitarian values in a global context, they have to have a huge political desire and not just “written documents”.

    • ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENERGY DEPENDENCE AND NATIONAL SECURITY

      pg(s) 29-30

      Security is often commonly used and most meaningful concepts in contemporary political vocabulary. Furthermore, it has been engrossing in a fascinating subject in aspects of the survival of nations and states in the world. There is no doubt about the fact that energy security is factor influencing the security area. This paper analyses the impact of energy dependency in the World and in our country.

    • HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS

      pg(s) 32-35

      An overview of the emergence and development of nuclear weapons has been made since its creation to the present day. Described are the attempts and consequences of using this weapon. What are the accumulated capacities in the world and what is their prospect for mankind? Described are the parameters of the current nuclear abatement agreements.

    • MAIN ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGICAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ENERGY RESOURCES IN BULGARIA

      pg(s) 36-38

      European environmental policy faces major challenges arising from the interaction between public production and nature.The challenge for us, today’s people, is to create material goods without disturbing eco-equilibrium. The main reasons for the emergence of environmental policy is conditioned by objective factors, the most important of which are: climate change, resource depletion in the face of rising global energy needs, price level dynamics, problems and environmental damage from the development of the classical technologies. One of the possible solutions to this problem is the application of new sources of energy, such as renewable energy sources.

  • TECHNICAL FACILITIES FOR ENSURING SECURITY

    • INNOVATIVE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE CRIME SCENE USING 3D SCANNERS

      pg(s) 39-42

      Innovative solutions that can be applied in contemporary forensic science, including the examination of the place of the incident or crime, are still being sought. One of them is the preservation of evidence by means of 3D scanners. In Europe, 3D scanners have got, among others, Police services of the following countries: Switzerland, Germany, France, Spain and Italy In the paper, the results of research on the preservation of the crime scene using 3D scanning techniques have been presented. The research used Creaform hand scanners, both laser and structural light, Smarttech3D portable 1.3MPix, a scanner on the measuring arm – FARO Laser ScanArm AND
      TERRESTIAL scanners (Faro, Leica, Z + F). The accuracy and precision of scanners were carried out on a certified measurement pattern. The obtained accuracy results for the tested scanners are within the accuracy range given by the manufacturers in the technical specifications of the devices. To examine the scanners’ resolution, an object with a complicated shape and many small elements was used. It was examined how the tested scanners behave when attempting to scan surfaces generally considered as hard to scan surfaces. Attempts have also been made to use a 3D structural light scanner to scan snow tracks. The possibilities of combining scans from a portable scanner (Go! SCAN50, Smarttech) and a scanner on a measuring arm (Faro), with scans obtained from long-range were examined. It has been found that it is possible to supplement clouds of points acquired in 3D scanning technology with photos from digital cameras, detailed scans of selected traces and precise geographical locations.

    • Types of bulletproof vest. Classification

      pg(s) 43-45

      This report proposes a classification of the bulletproof vest according to various features, which is based on a study and analysis of modern threats and the use of vest by military, police and other units. This classification would allow for a quick, easy, adequate and reasoned choice of the appropriate vest kind and type depending on the tasks and the environment of operation.

    • SPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CRISIS MANAGEMENT

      pg(s) 46-50

      Over the last decades the impact of natural disasters to the global environment is becoming more and more severe. In this context, satellite remote sensing, along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), has become a key tool in flood risk management analysis. Remote sensing for supporting various aspects of flood risk management was investigated in the present thesis. In particular, the research focused on the use of satellite images for flood mapping and monitoring, damage assessment and risk assessment.

    • MAINTENANCE OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS IN THE FUNCTION OF SAFETY AT WORK

      pg(s) 51-54

      Safety engineering is consistently promoted and there is an evident need for improvement and development. The maintenance process is dependent on the method of editing and organizing the setup and execution of such kind commitments.
      Working with the maintenance system itself determines the manner of maintenance.
      Тhe contractor’s responsibility for providing a high level efficiency of system maintenance because the process involves detecting and reducing degradation and restoring the functions of the system in working order.
      The purpose of this paper is to overcome the shortage of updating data for occupational safety for maintenance, knowledge and to introduce new methods to protect workers and the working environment, as well as monitoring the current trends and standards.