International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The aim of the study was to learn about parents’ attitudes and behaviours towards cybersecurity related to posting images of their children online, known as sharenting. The study focused on the opinions, habits and awareness of parents living in Poland who have at least one child under the age of 18. The study was based on quantitative research conducted among Polish parents. A quantitative diagnostic survey method was used, employing a standardised questionnaire. The survey was made available online via Google Forms. A random sample was used to ensure the representativeness of the results. The starting point of the study is a synthetic description of attitudes towards sharenting and the role of the modern family, with particular emphasis on intimate relationships, in the context of the literature and available data. It is advisable to take action as part of social campaigns to raise public awareness of cyber security threats and the rights of children regarding the publication of their image.

The paper examines the theoretical foundations of security and their application to the specific institutional environment of children’s homes. Security is conceptualized as a fundamental human and social need, as well as an integral component of national interest and the democratic functioning of the state. The text analyzes the relationship between security theory and the practical requirements of crisis planning in children’s homes, with particular regard to natural hazards such as floods, windstorms, and pandemics. The contribution highlights the necessity of interdisciplinary cooperation and the importance of crisis preparedness plans in strengthening the resilience and readiness of children’s homes. Based on the proposed theoretical framework, recommendations are formulated for the development of security policies and innovative approaches to the protection of children as a particularly vulnerable group within society.

Security as a scientific category represents one of the pillars of the theoretical foundations of modern society, with its significance manifested not only in the protection of the state and its institutions but also in the preservation of the stability and integrity of human communities. Contemporary concepts of security reflect both its absolute and relative dimensions, highlighting the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses political science, sociology, psychology, and technical sciences. Within this framework, the issue of psychological resilience of crisis managers emerges as a critical factor, as they face extraordinary events and ensure the functioning of key security systems. The aim of this paper is to present the strengthening of psychological resilience among crisis managers as a significant determinant for enhancing the effectiveness of crisis management and the functioning of security structures. The theoretical background is grounded in a problem-solving approach to security and in a social systems perspective, both of which emphasize the capacity of individuals and organizations to respond to dynamic threats. Methodologically, the contribution draws on the concept of resilience, which in the field of security studies connects individual competencies with the institutional framework of crisis management. Psychological resilience is perceived not only as a fundamental individual need but also as a prerequisite for sustaining the democratic functioning of the state and its institutions. Strengthening resilience through systematic education, training, and the implementation of innovative methodologies supports the prevention of burnout, improves the quality of decision-making processes, and enables the effective management of crises. The paper concludes by formulating the basic principles of building resilience systems as an integral component of the theory of security, with particular emphasis on the links to national interest, the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, and the preservation of state sovereignty.

In 2024, firefighters in Poland recorded 29,271 apartment fires, resulting in 295 deaths and 2,052 injuries. Additionally, due to the emission of “carbon monoxide” [1] , „firefighters recorded 4,329 interventions in which 52 people died from carbon monoxide poisoning, and 1,334 people suffered from poisoning” [2] . An analysis of the causes of fires in previous years, as well as in 2024, indicates several main factors. The most common causes of fires include: arson, improper use of heating devices, defects in electrical equipment and installations, and adult carelessness. The aim of this article is to analyze the state of implementation of technical inspections of utility installations in residential buildings as required by national regulations. The author also presents the results of their own research in this area, along with conclusions drawn from the conducted studies and observations.

The Systematic Approach to Training (SAT) is a logically structured process based on job analysis whose aim is to ensure that the personnel have the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes to effectively perform their assigned tasks. The SAT is a flexible system that can be adapted to the needs of any nuclear power plant and any job position.

The article presents a literature review on the development of emotional intelligence in military leadership from 2020–2025, providing a comprehensive and objective view of the research area. Emotional intelligence and military leadership are a connection that is currently appearing in research activity and doctrinal army documents. The authors try to find and evaluate the benefits and limits of EI in the field of preparing military personnel. The study aims to identify research topics and suggest further research options for military leadership. For objective processing, the method of content analysis according to the established criteria and the method of synthesis were used to identify the main research.

There are numerous methodological approaches for modelling, numerical analysis and/or simulation of the behaviour of individual systems. However, modelling the interdependencies between task-oriented or dedicated systems (the so-called system of systems) and describing their complex behaviour, necessarily through simulation, is still an unsolved issue.

Critical infrastructure can be exposed to disruptive events and incidents caused by external or internal impacts. Some of these events are internally system-manageable, but others must be addressed through the additional application of appropriate security measures, which can be implemented through security systems.
The development of critical infrastructure security systems requires a careful definition of overall requirements, which in general is directly related to ensuring business continuity by determining the resilience of critical infrastructure elements. This publication presents in a systematized form the author’s experience in applying resilience assessment results as inputs to the development of CI security systems.

The role of management at a nuclear facility is to perform functions such as planning, organizing, staffing, leading and directing work, controlling, monitoring and assessing work and evaluating results. Management systems are methods, processes and tools used by the managers of a nuclear facility to create a framework to carry out work in a safe and secure manner while ensuring that the objectives of the facility operator are achieved within the legal and regulatory framework of the country.

The behavior of citizens in disaster situation is the basis of its mastery. Due to their sudden nature, large scale and detrimental potential, critical situations require quick actions, the adequacy and correct orientation of which have a key role in the protection and preservation of human life. At that moment, the main factors that form adequate behavior are: the risk perception, including the knowledge and the understanding of the disaster; the information that is provided by the authorized bodies for the specific case and its adequacy and the personal characteristics of the people in the disaster threat. The most significant impact on all these factors has the acquired knowledge and practical skills in the field of safety and disaster protection, provided in advance and referred to the so-called “pre-impact” or preparation phase. This knowledge is focused on the nature of the disaster, the way it could affect people, the correct behavior of each person, during and after it, the evacuation routes and available shelters, first aid techniques, etc. It is directed to citizens and gives the basic information needed for successful crisis management, and not only qualitatively improves the organization of the population, reduces chaos and confusion and ensures adequate collective response and discipline, but gives opportunity for volunteering in providing additional support to the medical teams in their efforts to help people in need.

Analysed the influence of the threat of an aircraft collision with birds as the most important factor in flight safety (bird strike problem). An analytical review of aviation accidents with birds for the period 2010-2022 was carried out. The problem of ensuring ornithological flight safety considered as decision-making under conditions of uncertainty problem. Existing approaches to assessing the level of ornithological danger in aviation and decision-making are discussed. A scenario approach to reducing the risk of bird strike danger as a task of decisions making in conditions of uncertainty is proposed

The construction of the system for the protection of whistleblowers is in accordance with the legal framework of the Republic of
Bulgaria and the EU Directive.
The report defines a multi-layered model of the protection system, including:
– Information on violations;
– Persons who granted protection:
– Obliged entities, including:
– Employers in the public and private sector;
– Institutions, bodies, services and agencies of the EU;
– European Commission.
Signaling channels, duties and functional interactions between the main elements of the model are structured. A mechanism for
synchronizing and controlling signal processing activities s presented. The model is a theoretical basis for the construction and functioning
of the whistleblower protection system.