International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Table of Contents

• MACHINES

  • Determination of dynamic loads during operation of a flexible screw sectional working body

    • Oleksandra Trokhaniak
    • Olha Dubrovina

    pg(s) 215-218

    • Abstract
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    The article presents the design of a flexible screw sectional working body that will improve the functional and operational characteristics of screw conveyors during the utilization of the removed contaminated soil layer. A mathematical model of the dynamic system of a flexible screw conveyor was created, and dynamic starting torques were calculated at the rated load of the loaded screw and when the system was braked. The analysis of the results shows that with significant damping coefficients, the startup transient process is smooth and the load reaches its nominal value without fluctuations in torque and speed.

  • Acquisition and analysis of light intensity and light beam length in passenger motor vehicles

    • Tijana Ivanišević
    • Nikola Šibalić
    • Sreten Simović

    pg(s) 219-223

    • Abstract
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    The primary task of daytime running lights is for road users to perceive the presence of vehicles, as well as other road users, which is a basic prerequisite for safe traffic. The visibility of the vehicle, as well as of other road users, depends on the light intensity and light beam length of passenger vehicles. As the impact of daytime running lights on improving road safety has not been fully researched, in this paper the lights intensity and length of the light beam in passenger motor vehicles was measured and analysed. The research was done during the technical inspection of the vehicle (at the “Tachograph” technical inspection in Kragujevac). The results show that low beams are more efficient in illuminating the road compared to high beams, while there is no significant difference in light intensity between left and right vehicle headlights.

• TECHNOLOGIES

  • Installation and method for obtaining amorphous SiO2 from rice husks

    • Lyuben Lakov
    • Bojidar Jivov
    • Krasimira Toncheva
    • Marieta Gacheva

    pg(s) 224-226

    • Abstract
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    An original installation and method for the preparation of ash with a predominant content of amorphous SiO2 (96-97 %), which is a technological residue after thermal treatment of agro-biological waste (rice husks), are presented. The resulting product is a complete raw material for the production of materials with a variety of functional characteristics, using different technological designs (in combination with other components). The design parameters of the installation and the different stages of the developed technological approach are discussed. The basic operating mode of the installation within one operating cycle is presented. The design features and technical equipment of the installation allow controlled creation, maintenance and modification of the necessary technological conditions for the effective thermal processing of the waste biomass.

  • Application of Simulation Modeling Technologies to Build a Model of Interaction of the Elements of a Communication Infrastructure when Implementing Interoperability between Information Systems of the National Security Systems

    • Veselina Gagamova
    • Elitsa Pavlova
    • Violeta Vasileva
    • Rosen Bogdanov

    pg(s) 227-229

    • Abstract
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    The authors propose the development of a framework using simulation modelling technology. The aim is to simulate the behavior and the interaction and interoperability of the components of the modern communication infrastructure of the national security systems in various crises. The focus is on cyber security and cyber defence, from the point of view of risks and threats to the security of communication infrastructure such as disasters and other crisis situations.

  • Specialization in engineering production in bulgaria during the period 1960 – 1980

    • Boyan Aspruhov

    pg(s) 230-233

    • Abstract
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    Since 1960, an economic policy of specialization in machine-building production began in Bulgaria, thanks to which a number of new types of production were developed in our country, which subsequently acquired a key importance for the further development of the industry. As a result of the implementation of this policy for twenty years, qualitative changes have occurred in the Bulgarian economy: intensification of production, orientation towards productions providing higher added value, inclusion in the international division of labor, constant growth of social productivity, raising the general technological level of industry, multiple increase in the class of technical intelligence, etc. Thanks to the implemented policy of specialization in machine-building production, Bulgaria overcomes the general economic backwardness of other countries.

  • Text-to-Image generative models for enhanced composite guitar production

    • Łukasz Popek
    • Rafał Perz
    • Piotr Bilski

    pg(s) 234-234

    • Abstract
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    This paper explores the application of text-to-image generative models in the production of composite guitars. By converting textual descriptions into detailed visual designs, we create the design process, enhance customization options, and improve overall production efficiency, offering a novel approach to guitar manufacturing

• MATERIALS

  • Tribological characteristics and structure formation of P6M5K5-TiC carbide steels for use in hybrid junctions of the metal-matrix composite-ceramic system

    • Stepan Kyryliuk
    • Genadii Bagliuk
    • Ostap Zgalat-Lozynskyy
    • Kostyantyn Grinkevych
    • Yevheniia Kyryliuk
    • Iaroslav Sytnyk

    pg(s) 235-237

    • Abstract
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    The article investigates the influence of the technological parameters of manufacturing and the effect of the initial charge on the structure and tribological properties of carbide steel when used in hybrid components of the metal-matrix composite-ceramic system. It was found that the titanium carbide content of the initial charge was the determining factor in the formation of the properties. At the same time, an increase in the titanium carbide content above 20 (wt. %) does not lead to a significant increase in the hardness of the composite, and in some cases even to a decrease in hardness. It is also worth noting that the use of sprayed high-speed steel powder to prepare the mixture allows the composite to be obtained with fewer technological transitions. According to the results of tribological studies, it was found that the lowest wear was observed when the ceramics were paired with a composite with a titanium carbide content of 10 and 30 (wt. %). At the same time, the results of the analysis of friction track profilometry and the size of the contact patch showed that as the content of the carbide component increases to 30 (wt. %), a change in the nature of the friction occurs, accompanied by intensive wear of the ceramic ball. In the ceramic-carbide-steel (10 wt. % TiC) friction pair, however, no wear of the ceramic ball was observed, and the cross-sectional shape of the friction track changed from spherical to flat.

  • High-nitrogen steel of responsible purpose for special engineering

    • Christo Argirov
    • Kamelia Kalchevska

    pg(s) 238-241

    • Abstract
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    Metallurgy under pressure is one of the main trends in the development of quality metallurgy. High-nitrogen steel of responsible purpose for special engineering was created and produced on the basis of metallurgy under pressure by the methods of special electrometallurgy. Comparative mechanical tests of high-nitrogen steel were carried out. The structure of the steel was analyzed by the methods of non-destructive testing. High nitrogen steel was found to meet the technical requirements. The structure is dense, without defects.

  • Use of an ultrasonic bath in the production of digestate extracts

    • Eglė Didžiulytė
    • Rasa Šlinkšienė

    pg(s) 242-242

    • Abstract
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    This study examines the potential of digestate, a byproduct of anaerobic digestion, in organic farming and its environmental implications. The EU produces around 180 million tons of digestate annually, mainly from agricultural sources. Renewable energy policies have promoted the use of biogas digestate. Analyzed the organic carbon concentration in digestate extracts using ultrasonic bath methods with water and potassium hydroxide solution. The study highlights factors influencing organic carbon concentration, including raw material origin, extraction time, temperature, and solvent type.