Industry 4.0
Vol. 7 (2022), Issue 3

Table of Contents

  • TECHNOLOGICAL BASIS OF “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Methods and approaches for creation of digital twins of cyber-physical systems

      pg(s) 83-86

      The idea of creating and using digital twins has been strongly influenced by the process of integrating artificial intelligence methods with big data analytics of data from Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The concept of “Digital Twin” has become increasingly influential and culminating in the field of CPS. The main objective of the study is to define the basic requirements to the digital twins for cyber-physical system and based on the different definitions and components of digital twins, to summarize and analyze approaches, methods and tools used for their development. This analysis should serve as a basis for the development of a methodology for creating digital twins for cyber-physical manufacturing systems in the process industry.

    • Information data management in big data. Case study: E-Albania government portal.

      pg(s) 87-89

      Big Data is becoming one of the most important technology trends. It presents a potential that is radically changing the way organizations use their information to be closer to customers by organizing in a way that benefits from the customer experience and transforms their business models.
      Although Big Data is an ever-climbing trend in terms of industry, its meaning is still hidden by many conceptual ambiguities. The term is used to describe a wide range of concepts: from technological ability to storage, aggregation, data processing and finally their generation. In this paper the focus is at Big Data, because they are the technology of the future and in one way or another, they are affecting every field of industry. Furthermore, companies are increasingly trusting the possibility of using data as a valuable business asset to benefit and bring a competitive advantage compared to other companies. In the paper is presented also a SWOT Analysis that is conducted about Big Data information showing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and risks that they carry. Also are presented the challenges of Big Data Technologies for the future. At the end of the paper, there are conclusions and recommendations about the topic.

    • Decentralization of the Internet of Things in Industry 4.0

      pg(s) 90-92

      Rapid progress in the field of industrialization and informatization methods has led to huge progress in the development of nextgeneration production technologies. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a pervasive technology, and now it is used in all areas of everyday life, from healthcare to technological production. The new industrial revolution began with connected technologies supported by the Internet of Things. However, the security of the Internet of Things is still an open question since in case of unauthorized access, data from sensors can be changed, for example, by a user with authorized access rights, which can lead to unforeseen consequences.

  • DOMINANT TECHNOLOGIES IN “INDUSTRY 4.0”

  • BUSINESS & “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • The role of accountants for ethical and sustainable artificial intelligence adoption

      pg(s) 98-101

      It is considered that artificial intelligence (AI) adoption will considerably amplify in the next decade and impact our lives in all three dimensions – environmental, social and governance. Therefore, deriving sustainable long-term value from AI mass implementation requires organisations to follow an ethical and responsible path. It is considered that accounting professionals will play a significant role in managing this process due to their commitment to ethics and ethical behaviour when performing the assigned tasks within the accounting and finance function. For instance, they might play an important part in complying with regulation and ethics policies, data management, including its quality and confidentiality, as data feeds AI, building understanding of how AI is used in the industry. Moreover, accountants could actively participate in cross-functional teams and efficiently communicate issues related to AI ethics and sustainability. In the light of the challenges from the mass adoption of AI, this paper aims at outlining the perspectives and opportunities towards the accountancy profession in the ethical and sustainable AI implementation in organisations

    • Effect of Using Rock Wool on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Oriented Strandboard (OSB)

      pg(s) 102-104

      In this study, the effect of using different ratios of rock wool on the mechanical and physical properties of OSB (Oriented strandboard) boards, according to the place of use and properties of OSB. For this purpose, 18 mm x1220 mm x2440 mm (control, A1, A2, A3) at a density of 600 kg/m³ using rock wool in three different (10-20-30%) ratios, in proportion to the weight of the middle layer of the chipboard obtained from 100% maritime pine (Pinus maritima) wood. OSB/2 test boards were produced. OSB/2 test boards obtained as a result of using different proportions of rock wool were tested according to the relevant standards. According to the test results, when the mechanical and physical properties (tensile strength in the vertical direction, bending resistance, modulus of elasticity, swelling properties and free formaldehyde values) are compared with the control board, it has been determined that 10-20% rock wool can be used in the production of OSB/2 boards to be used as insulation board. Accordingly, rock wool reinforced composite OSB boards can be preferred as insulation boards in the wood panel industry.

  • SOCIETY & ”INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Social media behaviours of Gen Z women in the context of social Customer Relationship Management

      pg(s) 105-110

      Building relationships with Generation Z on social media is becoming a challenge for present-day enterprises. Generation Z has a huge purchasing power, and will be the largest customer base by 2030. The aim of the paper is to identify social media behaviours of Gen Z females in the context of social CRM. The study of social media behaviours of Generation Z is part of wider research conducted by the authors among students in Poland and Great Britain in 2020/2021. The study used survey as the method and CATI as the surveying technique. For data analysis, measures of descriptive statistics were used. In both the countries, women most often used Facebook, YouTub e and Instagram. Out of the benefits of using social media accounts, the following ones were rated highest by female Gen Zers in Poland: swift communication, opportunity to find and follow friends, sharing information with friends and opportunity to acquire information about products/services of a given company, whereas in the case of females in Great Britain, the following benefits were rated highest: swift communication, following the Internet trends and sharing information with friends. The majority of the surveyed women in Grea t Britain and in Poland often or almost always search for social media accounts of a specific company before using its service / purchasing its product. Polish women would preferably communicate with a company via Messenger, chat with a consultant and fan page, whereas British women would do so via e-mail, Messenger and chat with a consultant. The results of the research conducted in Poland and Great Britain in 2020/2021 did not show clearly whether female Gen Zers could be described as loyal customers. The respondents in Great Britain defended a company’s reputation on social media more often than the respondents in Poland.

    • A Shift in a Skill Set

      pg(s) 111-113

      The objective of the paper is to outline a future skill set in EU. To try to make a projection of structure of necessary skills on EU and member states level. Trends and challenges are embedded. Skills life span is collaborated as well. Perspectives of different sources are compared.

    • Possibilities for application of sediment microbial fuel cells as biosensors for monitoring of recurrent water pollution with copper

      pg(s) 114-117

      Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are special microbial fuel cells in which the anode is placed in the anaerobic sediment and the cathode is immersed in the surface layer of water. Natural electroactive bacteria decompose organic compounds in sediment, producing electrons and protons. The electrons reach the cathode through an external electrical circuit, while the protons pa ss through the soil layer, which acts as a kind of membrane. Oxygen is in many cases the preferred electron acceptor due to i ts presence in the cathode region and its high potential. Heavy metal ions and other compounds can also be reduced on the cathode, which will increase the energy generated. Based on the above characteristics, SMFCs would be suitable for application as biosensors and would be suitable for monitoring recurrent water pollution with heavy metals. In the present study, the possibility of application of SMFCs as biosensors for recurrent water pollution with copper has been studied. A high correlation was found between the concentration of copper ions and the voltage generated by SMFC, as the coefficient of determination reached 0.9921.