International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Table of Contents

• MACHINES

  • ANALYSIS OF KINEMATICS AND KINETOSTATICS OF FOUR-BAR LINKAGE MECHANISM BASED ON GIVEN PROGRAM

    • Shala A.
    • Likaj R.
    • Bajrami X.
    • Qelaj M.

    pg(s) 429-434

    • Abstract
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    In this paper is presented Synthesis of a for-bar linkage mechanism of the lift car extrusion. In this mechanism are introduced even higher kinematic pairs. The movement of the mechanism is repeated periodically and it is sufficient to do its kinematic study for an angle 75 [deg]. The description of the mechanism movement can be performed in the grafoanalytical or analytical path by centers of speed moments, which belong to a narrow link and a loop of the center mechanism, and the instant centers belonging to the two related movements. In the kinematic analysis of the forward mechanisms are used graphical methods. These are simple and universal, making it possible to determine the positions, velocity and acceleration of the links of any structure. With the application of contemporary calculating technology, the graphical methods in the analysis of mechanisms take the right place. The velocity of each link of the mechanism linkage that performs the movement of the plane can be shown as very geometric of the instant center speed and the speed of rotation around the center of the instantaneous. The analysis will be performed by Math Cad software, while kinetostatic analysis will be carried out using Contour Method, comparing results of two different software‘s Math CAD and Working Model. The simulation parameters will be computed for all points of the contours of mechanism. For the simulations results we have use MathCad and Working Model software’s.

• TECHNOLOGIES

  • INVESTIGATION OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF TWO-LAYER POWDER PERMEABLE MATERIALS BY THE ION-PLASMA SPUTTERING METHOD

    • Ilyushchanka А.
    • Andreyev M. A.
    • Kaptsevich V.
    • Kusin R.
    • Charniak I.
    • Zhehzdryn D.

    pg(s) 435-438

    • Abstract
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    The investigation results of the production process of powder permeable materials (PPM) by forming thin permeable layers by means of ion-plasma sputtering method in a vacuum with the use of removable agents have been presented. The method makes it possible to obtain a continuous coating on the surface of the porous substrate. The layer formation on the surface of the porous substrate is provided by the use of the removable agent. After its removal, the layer sputtered on its surface remains an independent unit in the structure of the twolayer permeable material. The coating applied to the substrate has an open porosity.

  • OPTIMIZATION OF CUTTING PARAMETERS OF TURNING OPERATION WITH VORTEX TUBE COOLING SYSTEM USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK METHOD

    • Onat A.
    • Yüksel S.
    • Hartomacıoğlu S.

    pg(s) 439-442

    • Abstract
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    Controlling the heat during cutting operations are an important factor in improving the quality of the product and performance of the machining. For controlling the heat, there are a lot of methods. One of this is Vortex Tube Cooling System. In this study, the Vortex tube cooling system was used to control heat during the turning operation. In the design of experiment, cutting speed, cooling temperature, feed rate, and cutting tool corner radius were selected as input parameters. Surface roughness and cutting force was selected as output parameters. The input and output parameters were modeled by using Artificial Neural Network, the results of experiment were optimized.

  • ONE ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING THE INVERSE PROBLEM OF STABILITY OF A DYNAMICAL SYSTEM WITH UCERTAIN PARAMETERS AND ITS APPLICATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF PREDICTING THE COURSE OF CERTAIN PROCESSES IN CHEMICAL REACTORS

    • Bulkina E.
    • Firsov A.
    • Gorbunov S.

    pg(s) 443-445

    • Abstract
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    The task of estimating the ranges of permissible changes in the design parameters of a chemical reactor is solved in which the stability property of the monomerization process is retained in it. The solution is based on Ji-guang Sun’s results about the perturbation of the spectrum of the matrix, the elements of which depend on several indeterminate parameters.

  • MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE INFLUENCE OF CUTTING PARAMETERS ANDTOOL GEOMETRY ON SURFACE ROUGHNES DURING DRILLING PROCESS

    • Qehaja N.
    • Abdullahu F.

    pg(s) 446-449

    • Abstract
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    Drilling is most often associated with hole-making. The surface roughness parameters represent a measure of surface quality, and it is mainly influenced by the cutting process parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, drill diameter), tool geometry, tool material, tool type, type of processing, coolant and lubricating fluid, tool machine and type of work piece material.

    The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of drilling parameters such as; cutting speed (vc), feed rate (f), drill diameter (d) and drill point angle (θ) on the surface roughness. There are different parameters used to estimate the severity of the surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Rq and Rt). The arithmetic average deviation Ra is commonly used for finish surface processing. The experimental plan was based on Box –Wilson Central Composite Design. First order model predicting equations for surface roughness have been established by using RSM methodology to collecting the experimental data, during machining of Ck45E steel according to EN 10083-1.1191 in wet drilling process, using HSS coated TiN drill tools.

  • RISK MANAGEMENT OF PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

    • Rodina L.
    • Sinyavets T.

    pg(s) 450-452

    • Abstract
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    Risk management in petrochemical industry is a vital part of industrial management nowadays. Due to this authors conclude following scientific results:

    1. Identification of the most significant risks for petrochemical enterprises.

    2. The formation of indicative indexes which will allow to identify symptoms of significant risks promptly.

    3. Working out of reaction algorithm to risks’ signals in the petrochemical industry.

• MATERIALS

  • MICROSTRUCTURE OF WHITE ETCHING LAYER OF IN-FIELD LOADED RAILWAY STEEL

    • Petrov R. H.
    • Wu J.
    • Sietsma J.

    pg(s) 453-456

    • Abstract
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    Structural changes on the surface of R260Mn grade rails, developed during wheel/rail contact were investigated by optical microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) in scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) The microstructures of the heavily deformed surface layer known as white etching layer (WEL) and the deformed under layer were characterized in different length scales. Ferrite grain fragmentations and grain alignment in normal direction, (perpendicular to traffic direction) are characterized by all applied methods. Substructures, having misorientations lower than 5°, are identified by analysing the local misorientation maps (kernel average misorientation (KAM)). Retained austenite was detected in the WEL by XRD, EBSD and TKD. Detection of retained austenite and ultrafine grain structure were considered as an indication for mixed mechanism of formation of the WEL where both martensitic transformation and severe plastic deformation take place.

  • STUDY OF GRAIN STRUCTURE AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF EXTRUDED 6xxx SERIES ALLOY PROFILES

    • Vazdirvanidis A.
    • Skordilis I.
    • Katsivarda M.
    • Stavroulakis P.
    • Papaefthymiou S.

    pg(s) 457-459

    • Abstract
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    Electrolytic etching of aluminium using Barker’s solution reveals the grain structure due to the resulting differences in the grey scale contrast for each individual grain. In this study, a correlation between grey scale grain contrast and texture properties is observed, using the techniques of Optical Microscopy and EBSD, therefore promoting Barker’s etch as a convenient method of producing an initial estimation of the attained texture properties of extruded profiles.

  • MODELING PROPERTIES BASED ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN MAGNESIUM ALLOYS

    • Tonchev N.
    • Hao H.
    • Yankov E.
    • Ivanov M.
    • Savova I.

    pg(s) 460-464

    • Abstract
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    The paper presents standard statistical procedures for determining expert assessments for the influence of magnesium alloy components on the controlled mechanical properties: tensile strength and relative elongation. There are obtained neural models describing mechanical characteristics from the amount of aluminum, manganese, nickel, iron and silicon directly related to the exploitation properties of the product. The applied approach makes it possible to determine of compositions ensuring relatively optimal values of the explored quality indicators.

  • FORMATION OF STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF POWDERED IRON ALUMINIDE Fe-14% Al AT VACUUM SINTERING AND HOT FORGING

    • Tolochina A. V.
    • Bagliuk G. A.
    • Tolochin A. I.
    • Gripachevsky A. N.

    pg(s) 465-469

    • Abstract
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    The possibilities of Fe-Al intermetallic system production by vacuum sintering and impact consolidation of powder bodies, as well as the influence of the regimes of the methods used on the structure and properties of iron aluminides were studied in the article. Mixture of iron and aluminum powders were used for fabrication of iron aluminide Fe₃Al. The powder samples were compacted and vacuum sintered at temperatures of 1250, 1350, 1400 and 1450 °C, and also using hot forging at a temperature of 1050 °C and 1150 °C. It is shown, that the increase of density is observed only at a temperature of 1400 °C. At sintering temperature of 1450 °C the samples reach a density of 6,35 g/cm³, which is 94% of the theoretical value. Only the use of hot forging makes it possible to obtain nonporous samples. It is shown, that bending strength, fracture toughness and hardness increase with increase of sintering temperature, but higher values of this parameters have the samples, produced with use of hot forging.

  • INVESTIGATION OF FRACTURED PIN PRODUCED OF 42CrMo44 Q&T STEEL

    • Cvetkovski S.
    • Brkovsji D.

    pg(s) 470-472

    • Abstract
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    In this research work were analyzed the reasons for fracture of pin machined from 42CrMo44 steel. One pine build in TBU (Tread Brake Unit) of railway wagon breaking system was broken in exploratory condition. Reclamation from purchaser was sent to the producer concerning occurred fracture of pin. Producer sent request to the team of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy to perform investigations and to determine the reason of fracture (failure analysis). It was decided to perform the following investigations: visual inspection, determination of chemical composition, hardness measurement, metallographic investigations which include analysis of microstructure and quantitate determination of nonmetallic inclusions. For comparison of results, raw material for pin production i.e. solid bars φ50, and new none used bar from the same steel was investigated too. Performed investigations showed that the main reason for the fracture of pin is the quality of the raw material more concretely segregation of chemical elements and increased concentration of nonmetallic inclusions.

  • EFFECT OF ANNEALING TEMPERATURE ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF Ti-Al-V-Mo-Zr SYSTEM ALLOYS

    • Terlikbayeva A. Zh.
    • Alimzhanova A. M.
    • Shayachmetova R. A.
    • Ossipov P. A.
    • Smagulov D. U.

    pg(s) 473-476

    • Abstract
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    Quantitative analysis of the phase composition of the Ti-Al-V-Mo-Zr system alloys was carried out during operation using the Thermo-Calc program (TCW5 version, TTTI3 database). Polythermal and isothermal cuts are plotted, design temperature values of liquidus, solidus and transition into β-field during heating are given. Regarding the titanium alloy of the Ti-Al-V-Mo-Zr system the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure of the alloy as well as on the alloying elements content in α and β–phases was studied using the scanning electron microscopy method.