International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This paper describes directions of realization of the multilevel modification principle in materials science and technology of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastics. It is shown that the introduction of nanoscale particles of different structures and production technologies into the composition of the composite makes it possible to transform the structure at various organization levels, which leads to the achievement of a synergistic effect of increasing the parameters of deformation-strength, tribotechnical characteristics and resistance to the action of thermal-oxidative medium. One of the perspective technologies of the nanomodifiers introduction into the composite material is the diffusion treatment of components and products in precursor solutions. Mixture of composite materials with increased parameters of performance characteristics for use in engineering, chemical and mineral resource industries have been developed.

There were studied mechanisms interfacial interactions in composite systems based on dispersed particles of polymer materials (polyolefins, polyamides, fluorcontaining polymers) and modifiers of various composition and structure in the combination process in the units with intense mechanical action. There were established the effects of formation of products of mechanochemical interaction of active centers of modifiers particles and radical fragments of macromolecules degradation. The obtained results allow changing the technological paradigm of the creation of high-strength and highly filled engineering nanocomposites based on high-molecular matrix.

There were considered physical preconditions of appearance of dispersed particles activity in the process of the high molecular matrix modifying. The existence of a non-linear function S(r) = f (r) defining the dependence of the parameters of the characteristic physical properties of the particle of its geometrical parameters was shown. The expediency of use as modifiers dispersed particles with developed morphology of the surface layer, which provides a special energy state, was shown. Methodological approaches the optimum choice of effective modifiers while creating functional composites were developed. Practical applications of the developed approaches were exemplified.

Investigated the features of the structure of the thin-film coatings based on polymeric and oligomeric matrix formed by dipping, spraying or rubbing. It was found a significant effect of energy substrate parameters and components of the coating on the mechanisms of interfacial interactions that determine the parameters of strength, tribological and protective coatings. The active layer morphology of the surface of the substrate formed by mechanical, laser or chemical influence, characterized by the presence of low-dimensional components of different habitus, which affect the energy and mechanical component adhesive strength. By managing service parameters of composite material components on the basis of polymeric and oligomeric matrix manages to change the mechanisms of formation of coatings on metal substrates of carbon steels and non-ferrous metals. Coatings based on the thermal ablation of PTFE products are effective in the process of running heavy-duty friction units and their operation at reversing the motion. Installed effect Nanophase formation regions in the volume of the coating, which help to increase their durability in friction without external supply of lubricant.