International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The methodological principles for the implementation of the concept of multilevel modification of polymer matrices by components with given energy parameters to obtain nanocomposites with a synergistic com-bination of performance characteristics have been developed.
These principles based on:
– established crystal-chemical prerequisites for the natural and synthetic carbon-, metal- and silicon-containing semi-finished products choice for the directed formation of active nanosized particles with given structural, morphological and energy parameters under optimal technological impact (mechanical and chemical, thermal, laser);
– implementation of the conditions for the energetic compliance of nanomodifiers to the prevailing mechanism for the formation of the optimal structure of polymer, oligomer and blend matrices at various levels of organization – molecular, supramolecular and interphase;
– creating the conditions for the reveal of the prevailing mechanisms of interphase physical and chemical interactions of components with the formation of boundary layers of the optimal structure, which deter-mine the mechanisms of destruction of products from nanocomposites under various operational factors impact;
– achieving the conditions for the synergistic effect of structuring by using a complex of modifiers with a certain combination of parameters of dimensional, geometric and energy characteristics.

Methodological approaches to the implementation of the nanostate phenomenon in the formation of the optimal structure of composite materials and metal-polymer systems at different levels of organization have been developed. The concept of energy and technological compliance of functional composite materials and systems components, which determines the optimal parameters of stressstrain, adhesion and tribological properties under technological influences on the components in the process of obtaining composite and its processing, is proposed.

The structural and technological aspects of the polytetrafluoroethylene-matrix composites formation are shown. It is shown that due to the existence of inert components in the process of interfacial interaction with the degree of filling in the traditional technological paradigm implemented structural paradox manifests itself in proportion to the reduction of the parameter of tensile strength with increasing degree of filling. According to the concept of energy and technological compliance of components the technological principles to eliminate the negative impact of the structural paradox fluorine composites are proposed.

The analysis of the mechanisms of implementation of the concept of multilevel modification in materials science and technolog y of polymer nanocomposites is carried out. It has been shown that the mechanisms of structure formation at the molecular, supramolecular and interfacial levels in nanocomposite materials based on industrial polymers of the class of polyamides, polyolefins, fluoropla stics modified by components that implement the nanostate phenomenon are based on:
– the formation of adsorption physical bonds in the boundary surface due to the energy interaction of active centers of nanosized particles with various shapes and components of the surface layer, which change the parameters of the rheological, stress-strain and adhesive characteristics of the composites;
– the demonstration of a structuring action by nanosized particles and components of the surface layer of particles, which mani fests itself in the form of supramolecular and interphase ordering, physical compatibilization and non-chain stabilization, which increase the thermodynamic compatibility of the components of polymer-polymer and polymer-oligomer blends and inhibit thermo-oxidative and destructive processes in composites, causing a non-additive increase of the parameters of their stress-strain, adhesive and tribological characteristics.