International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

A system based on BaTiO3 – BaSnO3 (BT-BS) has been developed in search of highly efficient lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. The powder samples were mixed and homogenized in a ratio of 50%: 50% and 15%: 85%. From the compositions thus obtained, tablets with the presence of a PVA plasticizer were formed, which were further annealed in a furnace with a corundum backfill. The temperature regime is in two steps. Drying time up to 800oC with a delay of 1h 30min. and additional heating to 1150°C with one hour delay. The results were characterized by XRD analysis, the relative dielectric constant of the two samples was determined.

Barium titanate ceramics doped with samarium were synthesized by low temperature sol-gel method. The physicochemical characterization of the samples was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A pure BaTiO3 cubic phase was obtained. A technological regulation has been developed for the preparation of test samples .Monitoring ofthe relative dielectric permittivity of Sm-doped BaTiO3 ceramics with temperature changes (at frequency of 10 kHz) was realized.The resulting curve is typical of ferromagnetic material. The synthesized barium titanate ceramics possesses a high dielectric constant – 17500 at a Curie temperature Tc (65oC). The obtained values for the relative dielectric permittivity and Curie temperature of Sm-doped barium titanate ceramics are much better in comparison to conventionally non-doped BaTiO3-εr = 2000 and Tc = 120°C.

The present article is a conceptual paper which aims to be a foundation for future experimental work. The conceptual work discusses different aspects of a new utility model – a ceramic beehive. The evidences are based on theoretical models based on the optimal living conditions of the bee family and the specifics of the changing external environment. Along with these factors are considered the ceramic properties and the relevance of the ceramic material as a construction material for the brood (the beehive body). In order to reach the aim of the paper are used the following empiric and non-empiric methods: literature review, expert evaluation, experiment. The results from the study confirm the conceptual model and reason the hypnotized properties of the experimental model for optimization of the living conditions of the bee family. This is supported by evidences in increasing of the honey production in the ceramic beehive.