The type of supply voltage of the coil to achieve maximum induction and uniformity of the magnetic field in the magnetic chamber, where the processed material is determinate. The experimentally obtained dependence curves B=f(U) can be used to optimize the regime parameters when processing various agricultural materials in a magnetic field.
Feeding of rooster sires with sprouted grain significantly increases their productivity. A new acoustic cavitation method of intensification of grain sprouting process is offered. In water sound waves are created. When passing sound waves in water in a vakuummetric phase liquid is broken off with formation of cavitational cavities. These cavities collapse in a manometrical phase of a sound wave. Influence of the collapsing cavitational cavities causes a stress of biological object, its fast awakening and the accelerated development. At the same time there is a heating and decrease in viscosity of liquid substances, increase of speed of chemical, physical, biological processes. Massage action from a collapse on membranes of cages strengthens diffusion and a metabolism through membranes and in cages. Dynamic impulses kill pathogenic microorganisms, and without chemical reagents and at low temperatures (200 – 300), that is without destruction of protein and mechanical damages etc.
Wheat seeds were treated in the passive zone of a vortex cavitator. This resulted in germinating ability increase on the third day from 43% to 88%, or in germination time reduction from three to one day along with the quality level comparable with the control lots. Germination ability of vortex cavitator-treated seeds at all modes, except for t=500, exceeds the germination ability of control lots sprouted with a traditional method.
Excess germination ability of the treated seeds in rela tion to the control lots is 200%, thus assuming a twofold feed quality improvement.
Germination ability of vortex cavitator-treated seeds after the first sprouting day is comparable with the control lot germination on the third day. This gives the possibility to reduce technological process time up to one day with the existing quality level. Irrigation of seeds treated in a vortex cavitator with water from the active cavitator zone increases germinating ability up to 97%, or reduces process time from three days to six hours providing the quality comparable with the original process.
In this method of processing some ways of impact on biological object are combined: soaking, thermal influence, vibration, cavitational, diffusive, etc. All seeds processed on a cavitator have the raised development indicators in relation to seeds of control party including on viability, energy of germination, this grain positively influences efficiency of roosters.
Acoustic cavitation technologies are a highly effective means of processing liquid media, as well as various materials in liquid media. They significantly accelerate known processes in liquids and, in addition, make possible the implementation of previously impossible processes. The phenomenon of cavitation has and another quality – the creation around itself of physical fields (including magnetic fields) with high stresses. This circumstance makes it possible to produce some types of work on “dry” technology, for example, to awaken and process seeds before planting. Placing the seeds from the outside of the vortex cavitator causes the magnetic field to be sparing effect on them. Seat placement inside the workspace predetermines a hard impact, so therefore in a real device through the centers of cavitation they move through the tube-seminal duct. The thickness of the walls determines the degree of influence of the physical fields on them.
The article is devoted to the problem of drying seeds without their thermal injury by applying vacuum technology. In this paper work presents experimental studies of vacuum drying of seeds of grain crops on the example of maize seeds, during which the safe drying regimes were studied, in which the most intense water separation occurs. It has been found that by heating the batch of seeds to 30° C and subsequent evacuation to a pressure of 4 kPa with bubbling under atmospheric pressure is most intense dehumidification at a rate of 0.259%/min.
Acoustic cavitation in water causes water’s break in vacuum phase of passing of sound wave and then collapse of this break in manometric phase. These processes are taking place 3000 times a second all over the functional volume of cavitator. This leads to seeds’ awakening and massaging, improves metabolism and stimulates their development and functioning. There are four technology areas in cavitator: 1) internal functional space, 2) central part of space, 3) passive space from the outside of resonator (housing), 4) external heat space around cavitator.
The Academy conducted study on seed treatment in each of these areas. Moreover, in passive area and in external space experiments were performed both in wet and dry options. Analysis of experimental results showed: first, all kinds of treatment in all zones of cavitator have advantages over conventional soaking seeds; secondly, each of the processing forms has its own advantages: 1) dry processing is characterized by thermal and vibrational effects on seeds, it requires their direct contact with the resonator, 2) wet processing in passive zone is characterized by additional water exposure and transmission of vibration effects from resonator over long distances, that enables to increase size of functional area and pre-processing performance, 3) processing in central part of the active zone provides essential decrease of exposure time from tens of minutes to 3-5, that allows using this method in industrial agriculture, 4)processing in turbulent flow of active zone damages seeds and is suitable only for solid seeds and seeds difficult to germinate. Using cavitator improves seed germination by tens of percent when shortened processing time. This reduces the labor intensity, improves pre-processing performance and leads to higher yields.
After mechanized whole-plant threshing of sesame a mixture of seeds, seed-cases and stems is obtained. The separation of the seeds is done by means of a unit, consisting of a sieve and a fan with combined movement and adjustment of the air flow rate and the slope of the sieve cradle. The results of the testing of the separation unit with different crop shows the possibility to obtain sesame seed purity 94 … 97%.
The article analyzes the work of the section laying biodegradable tape embedded with seeds in it and studied the deviation from the specified depth of laying the tape depending on the forward speed of the unit and different depths of sowing method of measuring the depth and statistical methods the processing of data obtained from experiments .