International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

We examined a machine for depositing the water storage materials layer by layer while in subsoil soil. As a result of this activity, improve physical and chemical properties of the soil, and yields have tended to increase sustainable. The article justified basic technological parameters of the machine to achieve the best results. The inclusion of such a machine technology for growing crops tasked along with higher yields reduce the negative impact of the processes that lead to soil degradation.

The tried-and-tested seed drill is a modified version of a factory-made seed drill for punched wide-row sowing in paired rows. Failure to observe basic prerequisites, such as agro-technical time, proper soil preparation, compliance with sowing norms, depth of sowing, etc., leads to irreversible losses in the production of a given crop. The seed drill under investigation is part of a machine system used to implement an innovative technology that does not involve traditional soil cultivation machines. This requires that a cultivator section be included in its device to prepare the soil at the same time as sowing. Turning the seed drill into a combined machine requires it to check its performance. The inspection was carried out by examining the degree of crushing of the layer, the alignment of the profile of the treated strip and the deviation from the set depth of sowing. Each of these metrics is considered as an optimization parameter (𝑥𝑥).

Strips tillage machine with simultaneous fertilizing in the depth of processing is examined. The experiments were carried out by standard methods known as the theory of the experiment, at the same time is determined and the optimization task with which to establish the optimum setting of the machine. The results obtained show that the machine corresponds to all requirements, the best results are achieved at a speed of 9,0km / h and a depth of 0,25m.

Почвата, като природна даденост е продукт на продължителни и изключително сложни процеси, протичащи в продължение на хиляди години (за 100-150години се образува почвен слой с дебелина около 1cm). Стопанското значение на почвата се определя от нейната обобщена характеристика плодородие, което представлява способността ѝ да снабдява растенията с необходимите хранителни вещества, вода и въздух. Плодородието на почвата зависи от нейното състояние, което количествено се изразява чрез свойствата ѝ порьозност, плътност и влажност. Изменението на тези свойства се дължи на структурния ѝ строеж и на въздействията на които тя е подложена. В резултат от прилагането на съвременното интензивно земеделие, при което земеделските земи повсеместно са подложени на прекомерна експлоатация почвите деградират, което се отразява неблагоприятно както на техните свойства,така и на отглежданите на тях култури.

За изследване на сложни обекти, каквато се явява и почвата е целесъобразно да се прилагат принципите и методите от теорията на експеримента. Правилното им прилагане дава възможност да се получи картина на процесите и явленията, които протичат в почвата много близка до реалната.

Consider a technical solution which aims to ensure the introduction of natural water holding material layer by layer and simultaneously within the fertile layer of soil. As a result of this activity, improve physical and chemical properties and yields tend to increase sustainable. The article reasoned basic design parameters of working bodies working together in the soil at depths of 0,40m, 0,50m and 0,60m, each of them may make one type of material and / or a combination thereof. In determining the size of the working bodies is taken into account both the impact that would have on the physical properties of soil and the possibility of reducing their traction resistance.