Science. Business. Society.
Vol. 1 (2016), Issue 1

Table of Contents

  • SCIENCE

    • ENTREPRENEURIAL UNIVERSITY: NEW INSTITUTIONAL SYNERGY FOR CREATING HI-TECH INNOVATIONS

      pg(s) 3-5

      The paper discusses problem the institutional supporting of activities for creation the innovative Hi-Tech productions, it presents the methodological and analytical generalization of the modern practices in building institutions that ensure organic cooperation between Universities, Industries, and Government in framework of the "Triple Helix" innovation mode. In this case, the probability of reaching commercial success of the R&D activities rises significantly. This has changed the traditional model of the University in toward the “Entrepreneurial Universities”, which have become the system centres of the new Hi-Tech innovation clusters. The paper presents the international comparative analysis by indicator of “University/industry research collaboration” as part of the competitiveness index. It gives proposals to improve the Ukrainian innovation policy.

    • MODEL OF STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT IN THE UNIVERSITIES

      pg(s) 6-9

      The article presents a model for integrating the organizational strategy of higher schools and their research strategy. It also outlines the stages of developing such research strategies (RS) so that they are consistent with organizational strategies and structures. The model allows higher schools to perform effective organizational design by combining the possible approaches to strategy development in order to achieve integration between them. The article describes the degrees of maturity of processes referring to planning research at universities and defines the stages of developing RS to achieve their consistency with the general organizational strategy of universities on one hand and the other specific strategies, on the other.

    • UNIVERSITY RANKING IN THE FIELD OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT: THE STABILITY ISSUES

      pg(s) 10-13

      University Ranking agencies have started to displace the attention from global academic rankings to more specific rankings in a particular scientific field, thus creating “Rankings by Subject”. QS, among other widely accepted ranking methodologies, accepted the new direction and thus created a new set of rankings: the QS World University Rankings by Subject. This paper provides stability analysis of the ranking in the field of Business and Management, which is one of the 36 subject specific rankings QS publishes. The courses offered by schools and universities in the field of business and business related subjects, although very appealing to future students, have been regarded with scepticism by scholars and experts. Therefore, a statistically sound and stable ranking of institutions is needed. This paper conducted the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis on the QS ranking in the field of Business and Management to analyse the effects of its weighting scheme. The results show that QS ranking is relatively stable, whereas the universities in the bottom of the ranking proved to be more sensitive to different model assumptions.

    • HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM PREPARES SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS?

      pg(s) 14-17

      It has been proven as indubitable the assertion that the progress of human society is unthinkable without the research and development efforts. If for the personnel of design, execution and management, there are higher education structures that prepare engineers, economists, managers etc. to research work, the problem of ensuring with personnel do not seem to be solved. This paper aims to analyze how higher education, especially the technical one, meet the needs of highly specialized training and specific expertise for the comprehensive and noble specific research work. Without claiming an exhaustive treatment of the matter under discussion, the paper is rather a call to quickly find viable solutions. Therefore, considering on the one hand the basic skills required to a „researcher” in the light of researcher job contents, and on the other hand, the existence of dedicated study of the occupation, the content of study programs and especially the analytical programs for the subjects of specialty should be topics of future study.

    • SPATIAL CORRELATED RADIOCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES – THE BULGARIAN CONTRIBUTION FOR A BETTER WORLD

      pg(s) 18-21

      Radiocommunication is among technology’s biggest contributions to mankind. It involves the transmission of information over a distance without help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors. On the other hand radiocommunication suffers some disadvantages. The growth of wireless network has enabled us to use personal devices anywhere and anytime. This has helped mankind to improve in every field of life but this has led many threats as well: Radio network has led to many security threats to mankind; Radio network could be jammed easy by the terrorists, enemies ets.; Radio frequency spectrum is limited natural resource; Frequency sharing among different radio systems and users is difficult task. This report represents in brief the authors efforts to solve above mentioned problems. The used common term is “spatial correlation technologies”, in particular Spatial Correlation Processing (SCP) – Random Phase Spread Coding (RPSC) and Spatial Correlated – Code Division Multiple Access (SC-CDMA). It is shown in the report too that the practical implementation of SCP-RPSC and SC-CDMA principles and technologies will solve many global telecommunication problems. The results of this 20 years long research activity will be a very strong Bulgarian contribution and way to a better world for the human mankind.

    • SILICON DIODE SIGNAL DEPENDENCE ON TEMPERATURE IN HIGH ENERGY PHOTON RADIOTHERAPY

      pg(s) 22-24

      Semiconductor silicon diodes are used widely as detectors in oncology radiation centers for In Vivo Dosimetry (IVD). IVD is the ultimate method used in cancer treatment centers to detect possible errors in dose delivery. Diode dosimetry is based on the linearity of diode current with dose. Number of carriers taking part in diode current, is proportional to dose received for practical dose range. However, carrier lifetime and mobility are temperature dependent. In addition dark current increases with temperature. Correction factors are therefore needed in order to offset dark current influence, whenever dose is measured at a temperature different from calibration or reference temperature. We investigate the effect on signal for three PTW diodes in a 18 MV photon beam generated by Elekta Synergy Accelerator and find correction factors for clinical range of temperatures.

    • PRINCIPLE OF INTERACTION BETWEEN WORLDWIDE PROTEIN DATA BANK AND BLENDER SOFTWARE

      pg(s) 25-26

      For the needs of the medical, biomedical and other professionals the Protein Data Bank (PDB) is the principal place – a repository of 3D structured data of biological molecules. For visualization, simulation and animation of various processes it is necessary the 3D models of proteins and nucleic acids to be combined with proper 3D graphics platform. Such is Blender, which has some big advantages in 3D graphics, with suitable functional capabilities and is fully accessible to consumers.

  • BUSINESS

    • CLUSTERS AS A MODERN MODEL OF DEVELPMENT OS SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE TRANSITION COUNTRIES

      pg(s) 27-29

      This paper deals with the issue of cluster as a modern model of development of small and medium enterprises. Clusters as a model for the development of SMEs in recent years are current as in countries in transition, in contrast to developed countries where the model has long been present. It is understandable that clusters are not sufficiently developed in the transition countries, and the reasons should be sought in inadequate development and transfer of innovative technologies, insufficient skills of employees and the lack of partnerships between businesses, which is a critical factor in the development of clusters. The aim of this study is to determine and present factors of cluster development in the application of the concept of small and medium enterprises as a critical factor in economic growth of transition countries.

    • ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF OPEN ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

      pg(s) 30-33

      With the development of digital technology and especially the possibilities for electronic publishing Open access publishing is becoming more and more a global phenomenon. Open access means unrestricted online access to scholarly research and research data. The paper presents the common definitions, the types and vehicles for delivering Open access to scientific publications. Because of its economic efficiency, the potential economic benefits of Open access might have an impact on many other groups besides the users and the authors themselves – publishers, scientific institutions, specific industries, etc. Economic effects of OA are analysed through the concept of its benefits which could generally be divided into two groups – individual and collective. Besides the economic benefits, one must also consider the “price” of OA, as well as its limitations. Together with the effects of Open access that support the development of science, its use could be regarded as a means to increase social welfare as well.

    • INNOVATIONS MANAGEMENT IN INFORMATION GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS (IN TERMS OF INFORMATION)

      pg(s) 34-37

      Changes, improvement, and finally the introduction of new solutions (innovations) in every area of the company’s activities, are an important part of its existence on the market. Among the characteristics of modern markets, those associated with dynamism are particularly important. Customers’ preferences and needs, the behavior of competitors are constantly changing. This happens in fact of geographically unrestricted access to products and their suppliers. This is accompanied by the possibility of access to key terms of operating efficiency, including innovation information management. They are (information) the cause of innovation, as well as one of the most important factors affecting the achievement of intended objective. This aim of this article is to analyze the possibilities and desirability of active management in conditions of globalization in terms of information, particularly in terms of efficient innovation management in a changing environment.

    • THE REMITTANCES AND EVALUATION OF THEIR IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH. (The case of Albania)

      pg(s) 38-41

      Many studies in recent years have shown that remittances constitute one of the most important financial resources for developing economies. They are considered as sustainable capital resources and in this way contribute to a sustainable economic growth in developing countries. Today, the flow of remittances at a global level reaches more than US $ 100 billion per year, and more than 60 percent goes to developing countries. They are an important mechanism to transfer resources from developed countries to developing countries. In this way remittances particularly in the developing economies play an important role in economic growth and poverty reduction. In this regard, in our paper we get in study remittances and their evaluation on the basis of the impact on economic growth in Albania. In the first part of this paper is treated the theoretical aspect of remittances and their role in economic development. In the second part we have treated methodology for collecting and processing data. For the realization of our paper, we are based on a statistical study of secondary data and to process them is using linear regression model. Data analysis represents the third part of the study, namely the correlation analysis of independent variables and the construction and analysis of linear regression equation, which expresses the connection of independent variables with the dependent variable. Remittances represent independent variable with the more important that we have included in our study, foreign direct investment and net exports represents independent explanatory variables, while economic growth represents the dependent variable.

    • HUMAN RESOURCES AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISE

      pg(s) 42-44

      The company operates in a dynamically changing environment, it must keep up with current changes and even overtake those changes using upcoming opportunities. Moreover, the company must have strong ability to create and implement innovation, because thanks to them, in many areas of its activity, the company performs its market’s tasks and developing. The company’s innovative activity depends mainly on human resources, knowledge and entrepreneurship, which essence lies in creating and searching for innovation and discovering new relations in the economic system. The advantage of modern enterprise is its human resources and their development, learning and creativity capability. The aim of the study is to isolate the factors influencing the activity of innovative enterprises.

  • SOCIETY

    • FUNDAMENTAL VALUES FOR IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION AMONG THE BULGARIAN MUSLIMS

      pg(s) 45-48

      The results of the analyses of European Values Study data (European Values Study 2008) indicate significant differences between the social and value profile of Eastern Orthodox Christians and the Muslim community in Bulgaria. In this survey, for an important share of the respondents who define themselves as Muslims, religion is no longer a value in itself but a complete environment, which determines the attitude towards other values and relations. Religious morality structures the new models of participation and forms of solidarity. While the Orthodox Christians mostly have a traditional respect for the norms of faith, among an important part of the Muslims religion is becoming a value scale and a core of social activity in general. While we do have reason to consider that, overall, Bulgarian society is in a process of rethinking its attitude to religion, this applies to a much greater degree to Muslims. The mediating complex of factors that most probably accelerate certain processes of consolidation of the religious community is connected with its partial social isolation, its specific profile of professional, civic, and political activity.

    • ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MODELS

      pg(s) 49-52

      In the recent years both academics and practitioners have paid attention to environmental issues. With increasing complexity and diversity of implemented environmental practices they try to find the successful model of environmental management and sustainable development. Although a large number of environmental management models have been developed, there is no good solution because the models are different in their „nature”. Many of them are evolutionary (stage, phase models) models that described a development in time consisting of an increasing integration of environmental concern into business policy and strategy. Others are typology models that characterizes companies’ positions, without assuming such a growing responsiveness. The aim of the article is to present the characteristics of sustainable and the corporate environmental management models.

    • EVALUATION OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE AND IMPACT ON SOCIAL INDICATORS. (The case of Saranda)

      pg(s) 53-56

      In recent years has increased attention to the role of governments and the positive impact of public spending in economic development of the countries. Fiscal policy has an important role in the economic development process. in developed countries and developing countries. Also, attention is focused on the problems of their evaluation. However, evaluation of the efficiency of public investment can not be measured directly. Often, it is unclear what will be the results and this is a problem associated with public investments. The impacts of public investment are essential to economic and regional development. Decisions about public investment depend to a large extent by the effects of the economic, social and environmental expected. In this paper is treated evaluation of public investment on the basis of their impact on social indicators, at the local level. In the first part of this paper is treated the theoretical aspect of public investment, identification of social indicators and evaluation of public investment on the basis of these indicators. In the second part we have treated methodology for collecting and processing data. In this regard are used primary data through a questionnaire and for their processing is used SPSS version 21 (SPSS v21). Data analysis represents the third part of the study, namely through descriptive and graphical analysis, which expresses the connection of independent variables with the dependent variable. The perception of satisfaction of the population to social indicators, represent independent variable that we have included in our study, while the perception of the population for evaluating the efficiency of public investment represents the dependent variable.