Trans Motauto World
Vol. 6 (2021), Issue 1

Table of Contents

  • TRANSPORT TECHNICS. INVESTIGATION OF ELEMENTS. RELIABILITY

    • Analysis of the technological state of single-bucket cyclical excavators’ identification system testing results

      pg(s) 3-5

      Existing approaches to the electric cyclic action bucket excavators’ technological operations identification are considered. The authors proposed the term “technological condition” of a single-bucket excavator as a combination of the current technological operation and data on the technical condition of the main components of the excavator. Based on the data analysed, a new method has been developed and proposed for identifying the technological state of excavators based on the mathematical apparatus and tools of neural networks and pattern recognition, which can be used in further studies. According to the methodology proposed by the authors using pattern recognition technologies based on the OpenCV library and a stereo pair formed from two Xiaomi cameras, experimental tests were carried out on a real object – an electric single-bucket excavator type “direct shovel” ECG-8I under various environmental conditions, including poor visibility. According to the test results, the proposed method showed high accuracy in technological operations identification – the identification error in the test sample did not exceed 5%, which indicates the adequacy of the constructed model. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the application of a method not previously applied in this field of technology, as well as in the proposed mathematical and simulation models. The practical novelty lies in the possibility of introducing this approach for the construction of automated management, moni toring and control systems, for solving the problems of weighing rock in an excavator bucket, determining the granulometric composition of rock in a bucket, as well as other identification problems.

    • Study of stress distribution of mechanical stresses in the frame of roller skates under dynamic load

      pg(s) 6-8

      As a result of the use of roller skates for recreation or sports on uneven surfaces other than a special one, there is a significant amount of mechanical energy absorbed by the frame of the skates as a result of unevenness, as well as combinations of jumps and landings from different heights. Scientific study on this issue will provide an opportunity to gain an insight into how much mechanical stress is distributed to а skate frame and to determine under what conditions the frame will be destroyed.

    • Recycle rechargeable lithium – ion batteries

      pg(s) 9-10

      Milliards of dollars are set aside for preserving the life on planet Earth and help climate change. Unfortunately, the advances in technology are incapable to help us sort out this vital problem, because the more advanced the technology nowadays is, more irresponsible we become in taking care about consequences after the expiration date of it. It is not only the plastic pollution of ocean of our planet that stops the formation of oxygen but also the irresponsible disposal of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries for smartphones, tablets, computers, electric smart devices and vehicles that are no longer in use, create ionizing radiation and form a radioactive background that affects living and non-living organisms inhabiting our planet. So, when the technology cannot help us, then perhaps the pure science would come to the rescue of preserving ourselves. There are laboratory researches about recycling lithium-ion batteries and here where we are – we are going to implement mathematics, algorithms, indexed arrays(vectors) for describing the benefit of manufacturing the recycling of lithium-ion batteries.

  • TRANSPORT. SAFETY AND ECOLOGY. LOGISTICS AND MANAGEMENT

    • Three-dimensional structure of transport hub in urban environment

      pg(s) 11-12

      Transport is the backbone of any city. With its help, links are established between urban areas and the suburbs, as well as social interconnection is carried out. The hub makes it easy to transfer between different routes and types of public transport. The article discusses the classical classification of the tree-dimensional structures of transport hubs, as well as a new extended classification.

    • Reducing the catastrophe risk in coastal areas: risk management at FSRU terminals

      pg(s) 13-17

      Today, coastal areas are among the most densely populated and busiest places in the world, with an extremely important economic and social value. With those areas being very intensely exploited, there is a strong possibility of different accidents and catastrophes occurring. Therefore, it is a matter of great importance to implement timely and quality measures to minimize the risk of negative consequences. This research explores the theories of coastal area management and risk management, while focusing on the synthesis of both of them on FSRU terminals. Given the fact that this special type of LNG terminals is becoming more and more present in the coastal areas of the world, this paper implements analysed theories and proposes risk minimising and safety measures for reducing the catastrophe risk with FSFRU terminals and thus contributing to the preservation of the coastal area.

    • Improving the Performance of a DTN with Transportation System in Tirana City

      pg(s) 20-23

      Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) enable communication in networks with low density, low connectivity and high mobility. DTNs are suitable in areas where an infrastructure does not exist. DTNs use store-carry-forward approach. The performance of such networks is strongly connected with nodes mobility. Vehicles can be part of DTNs. In this paper we will investigate the role of buffer size and vehicles of transportation system as message forwarders in a DTN in Tirana city. The performance metrics for evaluation are delivery probability, average latency and overhead ratio. The simulation results show that transportation system can be used as a backbone for DTNs in urban areas.

    • Harmful effects of vibration on patients during transportation by an ambulance car, taking into account the human biomechanical system

      pg(s) 24-26

      Man, as a mechanical system, is extremely complex and his mechanical properties readily undergo change. There is limited reliable information on the magnitude of the forces required to produce mechanical damage to the human body. Our interest in devoted to evaluation of harmful shock and vibration effects during transportation on already sick or injured patients, assessing possible health deterioration degree and developing countermeasures.
      This article considers the following problems: (1) the determination of the structure and properties of the human body regarded as a mechanical as well as a biological system, (2) the effects of shock and vibration forces on this system in healthy and injured states during ambulance transportation, (3) the protection required by the system under various exposure conditions and the means by which this protection is to be achieved, and (4) tolerance criteria for shock and for vibration exposure in injured state and assessing possibilities of additional health deterioration.
      This article introduces methods used for mechanical shock and vibration studies on man. Subsequent sections deal with the mechanical characteristics of the body, the effects of shock and vibration forces on man, the methods and procedures for protection against these forces, and safety criteria.

    • Safety problems in maritime transport of cargoes which are able to liquefy

      pg(s) 27-29

      In recent years, accidents in maritime transport of bulk cargoes which are able to liquefy have sharply increased, resulting in total loss of vessels and crew casualties. In order to increase safety at sea, it is necessary to examine circumstances leading to cargo liquefaction on board vessels and the precautionary measures which should be taken, before commencement of loading of such kind of cargoes.

  • VEHICLE ENGINES. APPLICATION OF FUELS TYPES. EFFICIENCY

    • Gaz diesel engine operating modes and environmental efficiency analysis

      pg(s) 30-31

      The article discusses the benefits of converting diesel to gaseous fuels, such as reducing the toxicity of engine exhaust gases, fuel costs and noise. It is also noted that the conversion of a gas diesel engine is technically simple and, if necessary, it is possible to operate on diesel fuel. The main focus is on improving the efficiency of the diesel engine by adjusting the fuel mixture so that the power of the gas-diesel engine and the diesel engine is the same under all load conditions. The influence of the explosive properties of fuel and its dosage on the characteristics of gasoline is estimated.

    • Analysis of antifriction additives to lubricants materials

      pg(s) 32-33

      The article is devoted to the analysis of the most used additives for lubricants. The principle of their operation and the result of their work are considered. The effect of additives on the structure of surface layers on the surface of friction pairs is est imated. The analysis showed the use of only a limited number of principles of the action of antifriction additives. Theoretically promising antifriction additives for base oils, relevant for use in railway transport, have been proposed.