International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

A mathematical model is proposed, describing the movement of a gas bubble in a viscous liquid medium under the action of the Archimedean force. In addition to Archimedean forces and fluid viscosity it takes into account the influence of temperature and pressure of the fluid and of the gas in the bubble. Solutions have been obtained for the movements of a gas bubble in the conditions of a solidifying casting, considering the influence of the bubble size, the pressure in the liquid and the viscosity of the medium on the speed of movement. Software based on the FORTRAN language has been created, which implements the solutions of the model for specific values of the input parameters. The capabilities of the model are illustrated by numerical experiments under different conditions.

A mathematical approach is presented for estimation of inertia of thermocouples in unsteady heat transfer processes. The approach allows to estimate the systematic error in measured data and to make a first-order correction, bringing the measurement data significantly closer to the real ones. The efficiency of the method is illustrated by computer simulation of two examples from foundry practice. The symmetry of heat transfer processes is used to identify an important and determining parameter of the inertia of the thermocouple.

In this issue the main new opportunities in MAGMASOFT® 6.1 /last version of software package MAGMASOFT/ are presented and illustrated. The presentation will introduce you in all general innovations as general innovations in geometry perspective, new options for heat treatment of castings, new possibilities in continuous casting and a new innovation – MAGMA ECONOMICS. With the last option you can now also keep an eye on costs and emissions. With MAGMA ECONOMICS you can add a decision criterion to your decision base. Calculate the costs or look at the carbon footprint and make more informed decisions.

The latest version of MAGMASOFT software package – MAGMA6.1 is used to simulate and optimize a casting formation. The alloy AlSi7Mg was used for this purpose. The casting is intended for the production of a wire connector for high voltage power transmission networks. Die casting method is used. The results obtained from the stimulation of pouring and crystallization of the casting are presented. Based on the located defects and the analysis performed, changes of the technology were made, which ultimately ensure the formation of a defect-free and soundness casting.

This study examines the impact of component materials on the energy performance of solar panels designed for water heating. For this purpose, we have integrated numerical simulations and experimental analyzes enabled by algorithms developed with LabVIEW software. The primary objective of this investigation is to assess how the selection of materials in the construction of solar panels affects their overall efficiency in harnessing and converting solar energy into heat for water heating purposes. The research methodology involves the development and implementation of advanced algorithms using LabVIEW, a versatile software platform known for its proficiency in data acquisition, analysis, and control. Numerical simulations focus on modeling the behavior of solar panels under different conditions, taking into account factors such as radiation, temperature and the specific characteristics of different component materials. These simulations provide valuable assessments of theoretical aspects of solar panel performance and enable the identification of optimal material combinations. Through the physical model, experimental studies are conducted to validate the simulated results. Physical prototypes of solar panel components are built using various materials and their performance is rigorously evaluated under real-world conditions. Experimental measurements allow data collection, and enable comparative analysis with numerical simulations. The results of this study aim to contribute to the advancement of solar panel technology by providing a deeper understanding of how material choices affect energy efficiency. Moreover, the use of LabVIEW software in the development of algorithms ensures a systematic and accurate analysis of numerical and experimental data.

On the basis of separate fractions of granular foam glass and inorganic binders, various modifications of heat-insulating composite material have been developed. A promising opportunity for potential application of the material is the preparation of composite elements and profiles suitable for installation around doors and windows during the construction or reconstruction of buildings. In connection with the study of the possibilities for optimal distribution of the granules, various options for their arrangement have been analyzed and evaluated. The mathematical tools of stereometry and 3D computer modeling were used. Visualizations of the obtained structures are presented and their compactness is evaluated. Recommendations are made for the ratio between the sizes and quantities of the granules used in order to achieve maximum density.

The possibilities for simulation and optimization of foundry technologies using the latest MAGMA6.0 version of the world-famous software package MAGMASOFT are presented. The capabilities of the software are illustrated both for the quick and efficient construction of the 3D geometric models and for the diagnosis of almost all possible defects in a wide range of casting methods. Special attention is paid to the possibilities for autonomous and automatic optimization of casting technologies in order to reduce defects and increase the profitability of castings.

The application of mathematical methods is one of the most rational approaches used to solve tasks of evaluating the efficiency of unconventional metal forming processes. Using computer simulation in the DEFORM-3D application software package, we performed virtual full factorial experiments for the processes of producing individual samples by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and highpressure torsion (HPT) from the Mg-1%Ca magnesium alloy, taking assumptions into account. At the stage of the simulation task preparation, it was accepted that the most significant factors that influence the fabrication of defect-free semi-products by severe plastic deformation (SPD) via ECAP are the processing temperature and the number of processing cycles via route Вс. In both models, strain intensity was taken as the response parameter. To simulate the SPD process of HPT, the processing temperature and the number of revolutions were used as the main variable factors. In the virtual full factorial experiment, the effect of independent factors on strain intensity was evaluated. As a result of the experiments, regression equations were obtained, variants of the rational processing regimes for the investigated alloy were presented, and their effect on the response parameter was analyzed. The proposed and implemented numerical models allow us to recommend the ECAP processing of the Mg-1%Ca magnesium alloy at a deformation speed of 1.0 mm/s and temperature of about 350 °С for 2 – 4 cycles, and the HPT processing under a hydrostatic pressure of 6 GPa at room temperature with the number of revolutions from 3 to 5.

Pneumatic vane motors are important actuators in industry, their optimization is difficult without e best mathematic model and computer simulation. In this article we presents a mathematical model for pneumatic vane type motors, construction of a simulation program associated with constructive engine parameters, experimental confirmation , and pneumatic motor performance optimization based on this model. The article begins with the description of the working principle of the vane type pneumatic motors, the geometric parameters that characterize it. The set of mathematical model equations consists in: the equations of geometry, the equation that describe the rotating moment, and equations expressing the mass flow into the motor. For the construction of the simulation program we have used the programming language of the G type LabView. Matching the results obtained from the simulation with the measured ones experimentally indicate that the built mathematical model is accurate and can be used to optimize pneumatic motors.

Using computer simulat ion in the environment of the DEFORM-3D appl icat ion package, a virtual ful l factorial experiment was conducted on the process of producing long length workpieces from low -al loyed chrome bronze by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) using the Conform scheme. During the virtual experiment, an assessment was made of the inf luence of independent factors (impel ler rotat ion speed, number of cycles, and temperature of deformat ion treatment) on the response parameter — deformat ion force. As a resul t of the experiment , a regression equat ion was obtained, a variant of solving the opt imizat ion problem wi th determining the numerical values of the accepted independent factors was presented, an d their inf luence on the response parameter was analyzed.

The subject of the paper are linked processes in agriculture. Sophisticated relations between operational and transportation farm practises in time, place, and mass balance need compound simulation based on computer software. Important prerequisites for a good solution is a well-founded land management project. The last one have to include at least proper crop rotation plan and corresponding road net. The different combinations of crop yield, bulk density, distant of transportation for distinct plants require many concrete solutions. Furthermore, transportation can be realized with or without intermediate capacity like buffers, bins, overloader trailers, exchangeable trailers, etc. For fastets harvest, computation are made with maximum number of selfpropeler harvesters or enough to end of crop gather in acceptable periods. In the example, a joint work of Claas Lexion 600 and tractor with 9, 12 and/or 21 tons carrying capacity of trailer are discussed. For easy choice of every concrete solution, additiobnal information can be used like linked processes performans and graphic illustration. The proposed optimal procedure garatees enough data for reasonable solution based on real combinations of technology, machinery, vehicles, intermediate and final capacities.

This paper is focused on numerical analysis of a hydraulic arm for use on a light goods vehicle. The designed arm is used for loading and manipulation with load up to 300 kg. Its load capacity depends on the light goods vehicle to be placed on. Great operability of this mechanism predetermines its wide application, e.g. in construction, transport, business etc. Firstly, analytical calculations of the forces, moments and reactions are introduced. Further, locations and values of the maximum stress in the structure of the designed hydraulic arm are calculated using the FEM software. These results determine the relevant data necessary for correct design functioning of the machine. After carrying out all the analyses and calculations we will be able to determine the safe use of the designed handling machine and put it into operation.