International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The parameters of an agricultural machinery workshop with an unlimited incoming flow of repair-service requests have been studied. As a result of each research experiment and the obtained change values of the calculated service parameters, the character of their change depending on the number of channels serving the tractors was calculated. The change values of the calculated parameters depending on the number of service channels are reflected in a table and graphically presented.

The summary psychological portrait of organized crime perpetrators includes a synthesized characteristic of their motivation, attitudes and values. It presents the specifics of their self-esteem, mental states and personal defences. The report analyses empirical data of organized crime individuals obtained through the Dark Triad questionnaire.
The overall psychological portrait of organized crime perpetrators is oriented towards supporting the operative-investigative, investigativejudicial and penitentiary activities with them.

The paper examines the relevant value-sets of entrepreneurs in Europe. As both approaches, i.e. the perspective of Economics, which is interested in ideal entrepreneur mentalities, and Sociology that rather takes entrepreneurs’ ethically-morally significant roles into its main focus, are addressing epistemological and praxis-related aspects, then this paper highlights the importance of values as ontological foundations to these features. From the various value-theories Shalom H. Schwartz’s concept about Basic Human Values is applied as a framework. Schwartz distinguishes ten types of values, which are interrelated based on a twofold axes. The empirical part starts with a differentiation of entrepreneur-groups by cluster analysis based on the individualistic values. Then the collectivist values are invoked in order to draw up more comprehensive profiles about the primarily identified groups. Finally additional variables contribute to the clarification of these profiles.

The concept of a society of information is considered in the article. It is proved that the knowledge economy, the core of which is the creative economy, provides the formation of a knowledge society. The cultural industry, or creative economy, is considered as a new type of industry. The essence and peculiarities of the creative potential of a specialist are determined. Scientist’s philosophers in their observance allow to build the foundations of modern accolade system of the information society. Universal values as they develop and change in the history of mankind, created the basis for the survival of civilization. Values are concepts or beliefs, are ordered by relative probability. A feature of economic value is the combination, integration in the form of a complex subconscious judgments of aesthetic, moral, legal, political, religious, and existential values. Economic mentality must be considered as a significant element of the informal subsystem of the institutional structure of the national economy.

Values are the principle of human existence. They are its proto-principle. Human life runs its course within a world of values, is guided and made meaningful by values. Political action, as a kind of social action, is guided by meaning and – directly or indirectly – by values. The cardinal function of values is to legitimate the social and political (individual and/or group) actions. The devaluation of values leads to a crisis of society, the only solution to which is a revaluation of values. And because – not being subject to natural causality – values are a matter of choice, when they are imposed and coercively required of people, they cannot result in the good, and their devaluation becomes inevitable. Devalued values break down the immune system of a person, a group, a society. The disregard for politics as a value is a symptom of a severely ailing society. Overall, researches on values have revealed a tendency to moral degradation and a shortage of social and political values. Sociologists explain this negative trend with reference to the preceding period that had abruptly placed whole generations of people socialized in one type of society – the Socialist one – into a new reality that required a radical elimination of the conflict areas in their now compromised past socialization. A clarification of the interconnection between attitudes and values such as justice, family, work, politics, etc., gives answers to the question as to how far these values are a resource for meaningful construction and/or consolidation of community ties. The extent to which values are accepted by the community as reference points for personal and social realization depends on the interiorization of supra-individual norms and values. Only a person who has interiorized these norms and values – not as imposed coercively from outside but as his/her own – may simultaneously live in society and be “free” of society. Individualization is the basic characteristic of a healthy society. The individualization in question must not consist of individualism, atomization, and/or highlighting the Self, but should involve a collective and normative style of life. In that case, it may alleviate the contrast between desired values that underlie the actual conduct of people, and the desirable values that are related to the normative requirements of society.

The processes we designate as globalization tend to provoke resistance, which arises ever more often as an effort on the part of various ethno-cultural and religious traditions to preserve their own identity. In this context, ethnic and religious affiliations become centers of meaning in the striving towards a separate identity in the global debate regarding the quality of human development.

Achieving a national community and building new norms of coexistence under the conditions of ethno-religious variety are becoming a strategic goal of contemporary development. Contemporary civilization faces the need to respond to the critique and resistance of various forms of religious fundamentalism, and especially the critique formulated in the tradition of Islamic fundamentalism.

The problems related to national identity have been far more often described and discussed in the context of nationalist fears of difference than in terms of the effort to overcome the crisis of identity amidst the imposed similarities. Under Bulgarian conditions, ethnic and religious diversity continues to be perceived as an established fact that we must take into account, and not as a resource for nation building. Achieving a national identity should be the result of joint effort. The first and most difficult part of this effort is to recognize that this common meaning exists in a diversity of forms. The coming years will be marked by a search for new grounds of one’s own identity, a search for the spaces that define parts of ourselves. The great challenge facing Bulgaria is to rediscover the values and meaning of the national community. Only thus will our genuine, full presence in Europe become a fact.

The results of the analyses of European Values Study data (European Values Study 2008) indicate significant differences between the social and value profile of Eastern Orthodox Christians and the Muslim community in Bulgaria. In this survey, for an important share of the respondents who define themselves as Muslims, religion is no longer a value in itself but a complete environment, which determines the attitude towards other values and relations. Religious morality structures the new models of participation and forms of solidarity. While the Orthodox Christians mostly have a traditional respect for the norms of faith, among an important part of the Muslims religion is becoming a value scale and a core of social activity in general. While we do have reason to consider that, overall, Bulgarian society is in a process of rethinking its attitude to religion, this applies to a much greater degree to Muslims. The mediating complex of factors that most probably accelerate certain processes of consolidation of the religious community is connected with its partial social isolation, its specific profile of professional, civic, and political activity.