International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Calculation of thermal diffusion and filtration fluxes at the interface by “traditional” methods requires preliminary determination of the potential values (concentration, moisture content, temperature, pressure) in the four-dimensional space of events. Such methods for solving boundary value problems, which provide “extra” information for technical calculations, are usually very laborous and require the use of numerical methods that are not always convenient in engineering practice. The proposed fieldless calculation method allows one to determine on the boundary of the region the gradients from the transfer potentials and, consequently, energy and material flows in the form of a known functional of the potentials at the interface at their short-term contact directly on the matrix of transfer coefficients of the formalized boundary value problem. This method uses the fractional index differentiation operation (fractional differentiation) and is convenient for solving limiting boundary value problems, i.e. when the characteristic size of the contacting phases in the boundary conditions of boundary value problems tends to infinity or the time of their interaction tends to zero.

Using the methods of systemic, mathematical and numerical analysis, as well as general physicochemical and thermodynamic laws, a complex of theoretical and experimental studies of transfer processes during short-term contact of phases has been carried out. These studies made it possible to fully reveal the regularities of external and internal heat and mass transfer, to find scientifically grounded ways to intensify the processes of vacuum, conductive and combined drying methods. Within the framework of linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics, a mathematical model of filtration-diffusion energy and mass transfer has been developed with a correct estimate of the orders of the terms in the system of differential equations of energy and mass transfer, taking into account the composition of the vapor-air mixture in the capillary-porous body. The limits of applicability of the hypothesis of short-term contact of phases according to the Fourier criterion for the transfer inside and outside the surfaces of the canonical shape (plate, cylinder, sphere) and wedge are estimated from the standpoint of the accuracy of calculating interphase flows. It is shown that in a number of cases the contact is not short-lived due to the curvature and the presence of angles on the contact surface, and not due to the finiteness of the dimensions of the contacting phases.

This study investigates the energy characteristics of products (ginger and strawberry) dried using electrohydrodynamic (EHD), hot air (HA), and their combination (EHD+HA) methods. Drying performance was evaluated based on energy consumption and energy efficiency parameters. From the results, EHD

Drying of materials is a complex technological process used in various industries and is often one of the main stages of production. This process, in particular for bulk materials, depends on humidity, particle size, hydrodynamic conditions of the particles flowing through the drying agent and environmental parameters. Grain dryers expose grain to harsher conditions than natural drying, which can potentially lead to a deterioration in grain quality. The combination of these factors determines the nature of the entire process. In agricultural production, the drying stage is one of the most important for grain preservation. Currently, the convective drying method is widely used for this process. However, along with its advantages, this method also has a number of significant disadvantages, one of the most important of which is its high energy consumption. In this regard, scientific research is being intensively conducted to develop ways and methods to reduce the energy intensity of the convective drying method. The effects of vibration on raw materials are being rapidly introduced in various industries. The use of vibration technologies during drying intensifies the process of processing grain raw materials due to the rapid renewal of its surface in contact with the drying agent. Fast and efficient drying with vibration technology reduces moisture content and the risk of fungi and mold in the grain. The construction of the dryer using vibration technology helps to avoid overheating of the grain, providing optimal temperature conditions, which contributes to the preservation of nutrients and other useful properties of bulk agricultural materials.

In the territories of forest, landscape gardening and municipal zones, both Ukraine and the whole world, there is a steady negative tendency for tree drying out. This process may lead to the complete destruction of trees in the future. The reasons for this fact are established, namely: winter damage, excess (or lack) of moisture, mechanical damage, as well as damaged by pests and diseases. As a result of the analysis the main negative factors, that affect the sanitary status of tree plants was defined. Among all the factors, climatic factors have the greatest harm to the tree plants (for example, an increase in the average annual water temperature leads to favorable breeding conditions for harmful insects). Negative factors of human influence (anthropogenic and technogenic impact) lead to pollution of air, soil and groundwater. The main disadvantages of modern methods and means of research, control and prevention of the sanitary condition of trees, and the expediency of developing new approaches for conducting an integrated comprehensive study of causes and factors, affecting the state of tree plants, are shown.

The article gives an overview of the creation of technology and equipment for pneumatic drying and storage of soy without attracting external sources of energy, and as storage capacity, use cheap freight containers, which will reduce the energy costs of the process and the material consumption of equipment.

The energy input in fluidized beds is usually performed by convection. In this case, the fluid stream is heated through a heater before entering the fluidized bed chamber. This method has long heating and cooling time. Therefore the purpose of this work is to find out other energy input options in fluidized beds. Such as, the induction heating is suggested. In this case, the fluidizing gas is not the source of energy, but the electrically conductive inert particles (like iron hollow spheres) into the fluidized bed, in which an induction electromagnetic field is transferred. On the surface of these particles, the heat is released directly into the fluidized bed. Here, since the heat is emitted via a large overall surface of the bed material, a very high energy density and, finally, highly efficient heat transfer can be achieved. In this way, the energy efficiency of fluidized bed processes can be significantly increased.

The main issues are considered in this topic. In this article discusses the using of microwave technology in various fields agriculture production. We have presented the results of improving the quality of agricultural products using microwave processing