International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This article is a study on the work operation of a hydraulic crane installed on a heavy truck known as Truck Loader Crane. The crane is used to carry loads from the truck to the ground and vice versa. It usually is an integral part of the truck mounted behind the cabin or behind the cargo body, and there are cases when it is additionally mounted on the truck. The crane has several mechanical and hydraulic parts. It is controlled from the command panel attached to the crane or by using the remote panel. The work operation analyzed is cargo unloading from the truck body on the ground. It is a complex process consisting of attaching the cargo (load) to the boom, lifting the cargo from the truck body, transferring the cargo several meters, and lowering it on the ground. During this process, the crane undergoes heavy oscillations due to the motion and swinging of the load it carries. The type of analysis is dynamic analysis, and the methodology consists of 3D modeling of the crane and implementing simulations with SimWise4D software. Through this study, the aim is to identify the nature and extent of forces and stresses on the crane and its parts, the intensity of the swinging and oscillations of the cargo, and their effect on crane operation. High oscillations can cause parts failure and raise concerns about safety. Results will be shown in graphical form for the main influential parameters. Conclusions from this paper will be useful regarding the strength of crane materials, motion dynamics and motion control of crane and cargo, design of crane parts and safety during work. The Truck Loader Crane model is designed based on the data from the standard manufacturer.

By means of generalized functions analytical closed solutions of non-stationary transfer in multilayer enclosing structures of canonical forms under asymmetric boundary conditions of the first, second, third and mixed kinds were obtained.

High-speed machining (HSM) significantly influences the thermal dynamics of the cutting process, particularly in the toolworkpiece interaction zone. At elevated cutting speeds, the reduced tool-workpiece contact time minimizes heat transfer to the workpiece, concentrating thermal energy in the cutting zone. This results in localized material softening, reduced cutting forces, and enhanced process efficiency. This study investigates the thermal effects of HSM by experimentally turning C45 steel using a cubic boron nitride (CBN) tool at cutting speeds ranging from 800 m/min to 1800 m/min. Cutting forces were measured and analyzed in conjunction with temperature distributions within the cutting zone and tool. The experimental results were compared against predictions from the analytical Oxley machining model and numerical simulations using DEFORM software. The analysis revealed the dependence of cutting speed on cutting zone thermal properties, providing insights into material behavior under high-speed conditions. Furthermore, the study identified optimal cutting speeds that balance thermal effects and cutting process stability. These findings contribute to the definition of appropriate high-speed machining parameters, ensuring effective heat dissipation and stable tool performance.

The paper examines the dynamic analysis of a hydraulic lift that is used for lifting and lowering vehicles. These lifts are implemented in various servicing facilities for the repair of vehicles. The lifts consist of various mechanical and hydraulic parts and besides lifting and lowering the vehicle, they need to keep the vehicle lifted for a certain amount of time. During the work operations, the lift’s main parts are heavily loaded. The method of analysis consists of 3D modeling of the Hydraulic lift and carrying simulations with software. This enables to analyze the dynamics of motion, identify the forces and stresses in lift parts and the form and intensity of oscillations that can cause failures of parts and concerns about the safety. Conclusions from this paper will be useful regarding the loading dynamics on the Hydraulic Lift during lifting and lowering, and design considerations. Results will be shown in graphical form, in time dependence. The Hydraulic Lift is modeled based on the Data from the standard manufacturer. The software that will be used for modelling and analysis is SimWise 4D.

Roller leveling is a technological process of metal forming, used to minimize the flatness of sheet blanks and reduce the level of residual stresses. When leveling, the workpiece is subjected to cyclic alternating bending with decreasing amplitude. The report presents an experimental testing set-up designed and used to model the leveling process. The equipment is described and the first results are presented.

The need to improve the performance of production systems, related to increasing the level of coordination and integration of all resources and production functions in order to achieve flexibility and higher competitiveness, causes a growing interest in properly describing all processes. The most promising approach is Model Driven Development combined with appropriate standard. The aim of the paper is to propose a model driven development approach for manufacturing execution system based on IEC/EN 622264 standard

The results of finite element modeling of a new method with an increased metal processing level were considered. The improvement of the drawing process was achieved by changing the usual scheme of metal movement during deformation, which made it possible to achieve large strains compared to the standard drawing scheme. It is established that step drawing has the advantage of an increased processing level, but it leads to the formation of an inhomogeneous gradient strain.

In this paper the deformation force of the forging process in step-wedge strikers was studied. At the first stage, the study of the deformation force using computer modeling in the Deform-3D software package was carried out. At the second stage, an experimental study of the deformation force during the broaching of workpieces in step-wedge strikers using thermometry was carried out. It is established that the experimental results have a high convergence with the simulation values. The increasing level of difference in results is associated with heat losses during intermediate operations, which are usually ignored during modeling.

The idea of creating and using digital twins has been strongly influenced by the process of integrating artificial intelligence methods with big data analytics of data from Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The concept of “Digital Twin” has become increasingly influential and culminating in the field of CPS. The main objective of the study is to define the basic requirements to the digital twins for cyber-physical system and based on the different definitions and components of digital twins, to summarize and analyze approaches, methods and tools used for their development. This analysis should serve as a basis for the development of a methodology for creating digital twins for cyber-physical manufacturing systems in the process industry.

The article briefly presents the possibilities of the created and verified model of polymer plasticization during injection molding. Exemplary characteristics generated by the model are presented and examples of applications of the described model for supporting the design of plasticizing systems of injection molding machines are indicated.

In the paper are presented theoretical analysis of the methods for industrial processes modeling and a new approach to modeling and simulation of industrial processes in cases of lack of information on the mechanism of the process.

The paper presents dynamic analysis of the Semi-Portal Cranes for the case of Trolley motion travelling on Crane’s Girders. Semi-portal cranes are mainly mounted in the industrial facilities, and they consist of metallic structures with big dimensions and many mechanisms that carry heavy loads. We will analyze the influence of the Trolley motion in the dynamic behavior of Semi-Portal Crane while carrying maximum Load, in particular the influence of Load swinging and oscillations. The method of analysis is acquiring experimental measurements and comparing those results with the results gained through modeling of crane, and carrying simulations. Designing the Crane’s 3D model with software and motion simulations is the method applied in the paper to analyze dynamics and is important to explain the form and intensity of oscillations that can cause accidents, failures of parts, and other concerns about the safety. Analysis will be done for maximal and minimal speed of the Trolley. Conclusions from this paper will be useful about the design, dynamic response and safety of Semi-Portal Cranes. The analysis will be focused to find main kinematic and dynamic parameters influencing the crane dynamics, like forces, moments, speed (velocity), and Load swinging magnitude. The Crane is modeled based on the Data from standard manufacturer of Semi-Portal Cranes.