Industry 4.0
Vol. 7 (2022), Issue 2

Table of Contents

  • TECHNOLOGICAL BASIS OF “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Trends and applications of artificial intelligence methods in industry

      pg(s) 42-45

      This article describes the actual trends and applications in industry where artificial intelligence models are deployed. This paper provides a more detailed description of the principles and methods of deploying models in the field of quality evaluation in industry and also in the areas of predictive maintenance and data analytics in the manufacturing process. Computer vision is increasingly coming to the fore due to its wide range of applications – object detection, categorisation of objects, reading QR codes and others. The area of predictive maintenance is important in terms of reducing downtime and saving costs for machine components. Models designed for data analytics, in turn, help to optimize the parameters of the production process so that the desired parameter is maximized or its optimal value is achieved.

    • A system for classification of human facial and body emotions based on deep learning neural networks

      pg(s) 46-49

      Current paper presents development of system intended to classify human facial and body emotions. It is based on two deep learning neural networks (DNN): – first one used for facial emotion recognition (FER) and second one for body gesture emotion recognition (BER). Combination of the results obtained by the two modalities (facial expression data and body gestures language data) provides more accurate results instead of these obtained using only one modality. After brief analysis of the available pre-trained DNN and datasets for facial and body emotions recognition, based on previous authors’ developments, the selection of two DNN models has been done. They are used in the development and verification of present system.

    • An Approach of Development Digital Twin Based on CMM as Support Industry 4.0

      pg(s) 50-53

      The digital twin (DT) based on CMM as support Industry 4.0, are based on integration of digital product metrology information through metrological identification, application artificial intelligence techniques and generation of global/local inspection plan for coordinate measuring machine (CMM). DT based on CMM has an extremely expressed requirement for digitalization, control, and monitoring of the measurement processes inside Industry 4.0 concept. This paper presents an approach of development DT as one direction information flow based on four levels: (i) mathematical model of the measuring sensor path; (ii) tolerances and geometry of the parts by applying an ontological knowledge base; (iii) the application of AI techniques such as Ants Colony Optimization (ACO) and Genetic lgorithm (GA) to optimize the measurement path, part number of part setup and configuration of the measuring probes; (iv) simulation of measurement path. After simulation of the measurement path and visual checks of collisions, the path sequences are generated in the control data list for appropriate CMM. The experiment was successfully carried out on the example of prismatic part.

  • DOMINANT TECHNOLOGIES IN “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Low power photovoltaic system implemented by means of flexible module

      pg(s) 54-58

      Paper deals with low power photovoltaic system implemented by means of flexible module. Flexible modules powered by sunlight are really a very interesting and promising novelty, being one of the newer alternative energy sources. A selected technical solution with specific characteristics of the individual components is presented. Measurements with digital measuring equipment were performed and experimental results were presented. In conclusion, it is summarized that the tested flexible module gives good results.

    • New concepts of severe plastic deformation combined processes

      pg(s) 59-61

      On the basis of review of last developed combined metal forming processes the new concepts of severe plastic deformation combined processes aimed at further improving the deformation performance are proposed. The presence in all three proposed variants of the ECAP scheme will allow deforming without significantly changing the initial dimensions of the workpiece.

    • Reverse engineering in automotive design component

      pg(s) 62-65

      The paper presents the possibilities of using reverse engineering in the digitization of automotive components and their modification. A CAD model of the part was created based on the scanned point clouds. Subsequently, this model was compared with the original cloud points. The point clouds were scanned by a laser 3D scanner in PolyWorks software. The reference 3D model was created from a point cloud in the CATIA program. The comparison of the scanned point cloud and the reference model is performed in PolyWorks. The Check IMAlign project module is used for this. This module allows you to compare the scanned point cloud, it is merged from several scanned lines into one whole point cloud, which are created by a CAD model. The preparation of the 3D scanning arm FARO PLATINUM ARM and the process of scanning the prototype of the front fender of the car are described.

  • BUSINESS & “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Fintech in the financial services market – opportunities and threats. Case study of Poland

      pg(s) 66-70

      Fintech is increasingly important and potentially the most rapid change in financial services sector, changing the way financial services firms operate and transforming debt and equity markets, payments, credit assessment, regulatory compliance, personal finance and many other facets of financial services. The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of Fintech on the financial services market in Poland in the 21st century, with particular emphasis on the banking and insurance sector. The author intends to answer the question whether modern solutions proposed by IT companies in the field of payment processing, data collection and processing in Big Data technology and financial consulting constitute competition, or are complementary to financial services offered by banks and insurance companies, and to identify opportunities and threats for the further development of Fintech in Poland.

    • Managerial decision-making in the era of Industry 4.0

      pg(s) 71-75

      Fourth industrial revolution also known as Industry 4.0, is a concept that significantly influences the entire operation of businesses and management. It necessitates changes in individual managerial functions, not excluding decision-making. In management theory, managerial decision making is defined in terms of content through descriptive and normative theories. The aim of the presented article is to examine the normative and descriptive understanding of decision – making in the context of adaptation of individual approaches to changes in the business environment – especially adaptation to technological progress related to the fourth industrial revolution. An overrated aspect of decision-making in this era is its rational side due to the rapid development of computer technology and the availability of rich software support. On the other hand, there is a tendency to bring to the decision-making process the involvement of all involved, collective judgment, the ability to learn from the development of the situation or openness to feedback. The understanding of the decision-making process thus moves from its traditional concept to a new understanding, which includes the above-mentioned factors. Development leads to their integration in the form of a direction that does not yet have a name but means a synergy of rational decision-making and critical thinking and reasoning in the context of descriptive theories. The overall optimal result of the decision-making process is influenced by objective criteria through a rational-normative model, environmental characteristics and subjective influences, personality, and cognitive complexity of the manager.

  • SOCIETY & ”INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Integrated CRM system for Bulgarian agricultural sector

      pg(s) 76-78

      Agriculture is a sector in Bulgaria that contributes significantly the GDP. In the past 20 years steady trends for increasing the arable land, while the number of agricultural holdings decreases. The enlargement of the size of the agricultural holdings is strongly associated with the need for implementation of the advances of information and communication technologies, Industry 4.0 and artificial intelligence. The present paper presents the development of an integrated Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system for agricultural applications. The developed CRM system implements the following functions: customer data management, management of contracts for clients, management of agricultural land, management of processing costs, production revenue management. For the development of the presented integrated CRM system, the needs of the agricultural producers and the work with their clients have been studied in detail.

    • Energy audit analysis in private residential apartment in Tirana city

      pg(s) 79-82

      Recently, Albania as a developing country is focusing on the energy efficiency in residential and industry sector. Residential sector has very high contribution energy consumption in Albania due to many construction buildings without energy efficiency standards implementation. Most of the contribute city is Tirana where energy consumption in residential sector is very high in comparison to the other cities in Albania. Our research work will be focused on analysis of the energy audit on a private residence apartment which is located in the area of Tirana. The purpose of this paper is based on the relevant standards and norms to give appropriate recommendations for the implementation of energy efficiency which would increase the energy performance of this building.