International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

In this article, it will present a example of the maintenance of a machine PERO (D 2504-019) for cleaning metal parts in the working conditions of renowned OEM company in producing filters from automotive industry. The maintenance process is of particular importance in order to use production capacities to the maximum extent. Maintenance is an indispensable segment of any production system. It follows that maintenance should be adapted to these conditions, and be economical and efficient, so as not to slow down the progress of the production system. Various maintenance methods have developed alongside the development of technology, all with the aim of increasing efficiency and reducing costs. This entails the need for increasing knowledge and skills of the workers themselves in the maintenance system. Large sums of money are invested in modern industry, in order to prevent monetary losses caused by system failures. If the machine tools, devices, and accessories are not maintained on time and adequately, there will be a stoppage of production, which is extremely inconvenient for the company. When the machine stops, delivery is delayed, which leads to a psychological effect on the worker, who is then put under pressure to make up for lost time. In this article, the whole procedure of cleaning, mantenance and inspection of machine PERO (D 2504-019) through 13 steps has been studied. The indicators of the reliable operation of the analyzed machine through the analysis of the machine’s operation, the analysis of downtime, and the analysis of the occurrence of failures through the obtained values of MTTR (Mean Time to Repair) and MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) are presented in details.

Harvesting root crops still poses a challenging problem for the agricultural mechanization industry. Even though the technology of separate harvesting of tops and roots has undoubted advantages, the quality of the final product, i.e. roots, depends significantly on the accuracy of cutting tops from their heads to the roots and the thoroughness of their final cleaning from residues. One of the ways to solve this problem is to create improved constructions of peelers and their further testing, experimental and theoretical studies to determine their optimal structural and kinematic parameters. To implement the above, a new mathematical model was constructed, the study of which made it possible to assess the influence of the construction parameters of the root crop head cleaner from the residues of tops on the root on the indicators of its oscillatory process in the longitudinal-vertical plane when moving along uneven soil surfaces. Numerical calculations of the obtained mathematical model were carried out on a PC using the PTC Mathcad 15 software environment and the previously determined input numerical parameters. The amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics were constructed, which made it possible to determine the optimal parameters of this oscillatory system. Based on the mathematical modelling performed, the influence of irregularities in the longitudinal profile of the soil surface on the angular oscillations of the cleaner, as well as the influence of different values of the stiffness coefficient c and the damping coefficient μ of its two copy wheels, as well as the length l, or the longitudinal coordinate of their placement on the cleaner frame, was first of all determined. The mathematical modelling of the oscillatory movements of the cleaner made it possible to establish that the value of the stiffness coefficient c of the pneumatic tires of its trailing wheels should be not less than 315 kNm–1, which is ensured by the air pressure in its tires, which should be equal to 135 kPa. In addition, it has been established that the change in the value of the coefficient μ of damping of the tires of the cleaner’s tracking wheels should be in the following range 350…1350 Nsm–1 and this parameter does not affect the amplitude and phase frequency characteristics of oscillations under the influence of oscillations of the ordinates of the longitudinal profile of field surface irregularities in the frequency range 0…24 s–1. Also, the influence of oscillations of the longitudinal profile ordinates of the field in the specified frequency range of 0…24 s–1 depends little on the change in the value of the longitudinal coordinate l of the location of its tracing wheels. Therefore, the placement of the tracing wheels on the frame should be determined based on the constructional features of the cleaner.

The activity of snow removal on public roads is of particular importance for ensuring road transport in winter and implicitly for maintaining a stable, predictable and efficient economic and social climate. The organization of road snow removal is usually done by the local public authorities, through the public road administrator, varying depending on the geographical and climatic location of the road site. In Romania, the snow removal activity is regulated by the “Regulation on preventing and combating snow on public roads”, indicative AND 525-2013, developed by the National Company of National Highways and National Roads in Romania. The snow removal activity is usually performed on the basis of a service contract and is temporary, depending on the evolution of meteorological phenomena and climatic zones.
The actions to prevent and combat the consequences of dangerous meteorological phenomena are carried out according to their intensity on the following phases, as follows: prevention of icing formation and its neutralization, spreading of anti-skid material and snow removal. The preventive spreading of the anti-skid material is recommended to be done first on the entry / exit arteries in / from the localities. The activity of mechanical cleaning of public roads (streets, bridges, alleys, roundabouts) of snow with blade machines is performed when the snow layer exceeds the thickness of 5 cm. The activity is carried out by successive passages, starting from the axis of the road to the curb, until the complete removal of the snow layer.

Production of hydroponic green fodder is an important task of agriculture, which in developed countries is given enough attention. Currently, the world’s developed a considerable number of various designs installations for the production of hydroponic products, but the main working body of these installations are trays in which the cultivation of hydroponic green fodder, as one of the most simple, but fairly effective devices for seeding, cultivation and the ready products. The main global trends in the production of hydroponic green fodder, as one of the components of the diet of poultry and cattle, are considered. The paper analyzes the operation of the workshops for the production of hydroponic products equipped with the facilities of the new design developed by us. Compared some economic characteristics of hydroponic workshops manufactured in foreign countries and developed in Ukraine. Thus, the conclusion is obvious – domestic plants for the production of hydroponic green fodder are more economical than their foreign counterparts.

Field experimental studies of a new beet tops harvesting machine, which is front mounted on a wheeled tractor aggregating tractor, are carried out, carrying out a continuous non-sensing cut of the green massif of sugar beet tops. At the same time, a new laboratory-field installation was developed, which consists of a rotor type front mounted rotary type machine with a horizontal axis of rotation, a transverse screw for collecting the cutted leaves from all width, and a loading mechanism in the form of a paddlewheel and a loading nozzle. During the field experiments, the tractor moving with a specified speed regime fixed by track measuring wheel, the total cutting height was set in a predetermined interval by means of two pneumatic sensing wheels with adjustment mechanisms. The rotational speed of the rotary cutter, with arched knives mounted on the drive horizontal drum, was varied with the help of replacement asterisks. In the prepared area of sugar beet field, the beet tops was cut at various parameters of the harvesting process, which was then estimated by the size of the remaining tops remnants left on root crops heads and in the aisles. According to the developed program and methodology, statistical processing of the results of experimental studies with the help of a personal computer was subsequently carried out, which allowed obtaining graphical dependencies of the indicated tops residues on the root crops heads, which made it possible to establish performance of new harvesting machine for continuous cutting of sugar beet tops. The established dependencies made it possible to choose rational constructive and technological parameters for harvesting tops by front mounted harvesting machine.

We offer a multi-functional operating element of rotary type for a channel cleaner, which is capable of performing the entire cycle of cleaning household water reservoirs (ponds), in particular:1. due to the compound rotor:1.1. mow and chop the crop;
2. due to the implementation of detachable body:2.1. mill and transport “dry” soils using a jet of air;2.2. pump water;2.3. extract and transport the soil from under the water;

3. due to the installation of the teeth on the lower movable part of the body:3.1. work as a clamp grapple to remove garbage from water reservoirs (ponds).

The basis of multifunctionality of this invention is in the principle of implementation of the maximum number of hidden abilities of the initial technical system, its rotor, framing, manipulator parts, which implies the subsequent creation of a reclamation robot.