International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The paper presents a methodology focused on the leadership style assessment based on exact characteristics of the business environment and their influence on the employees’ motivation. The conceptual framework is to explore the correlation between the applied leadership style, the level of uncertainty of the external environment, and the motivational level of the followers. In this regard, the paper aims to find dependencies among the leadership style and its behavioral application towards the level of motivation. Based on this research design, it is possible for the managers to implement a specific approach that will increase the employees’ motivational level in a concrete level of uncertainty of the business environment. The application of the methodological conditions in organizations from different industries can be beneficial for managers to smooth out an effective and cohesive team, which together overcomes threats from the external environment and the continuous confrontation with new crisis situations.

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest challenges facing modern society and business. In a dynamic crisis situation such as the current one, the forecasts for the impact of COVID-19 on the world economy and the development of individual business structures are changing. Business is facing more and more difficulties, and uncertainty and uncertainty are increasingly taking over global and economic life. The implementation of an anti-crisis policy based on innovation is becoming key to tackling the pandemic. The main objective of this study was to demonstrate the challenges of bio-enterprises during corona virus pandemic in Bulgaria and the opportunities they can draw to create innovation. A number of research methods and techniques for the tertiary and empirical part of the work were applied in the aim of realizing the objects and goals of the research – economical, statistical, mathematical, descriptive, comparative, monographic, graphical, questionnaire survey, etc. Initial contact and other basic information about all organic producers are collected from the official register of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Bulgaria – a database of producers, processors and traders of organic products and food produced in organic production in a way that maintains such an up-to-date database. The analysis is based on data processing by 234 surveyed representatives of bio-enterprises from all sectors of the bioeconomy in Bulgaria. The data analysis result shows that many small and large businesses are suffering challenges and this unprecedented coronavirus crisis has caused destruction for many businesses in the globe and it is challenging to survive with reduced revenue, jobs lost and life slowing down and weak marketing performance even difficult to keep a calm head and their business alive. To support these businesses the government should use different mechanisms by cooperating with wealthy peoples and other non-governmental organizations. Besides, the bio- business owners should manage expectations and communicate with staff, suppliers, banks, and customers throughout this coronavirus frightening. Reduce expenses, be open to their employees about their finances and keep marketing, use different alternatives to deliver their product and recover from the crisis. The changes in the production and economic activity as a result of the imposed measures for limiting the infection have been studied; the main risks threatening future development and the type of anti-crisis innovative decisions taken by management.

The theory of cycles as an objective form of development of the world economy (national economy) is studied. The phases of the economic cycle are named: recovery, prosperity, recession, depression. It is recognized that today the whole world is isolated due to the COVID-19 virus infection and all countries are experiencing an economic crisis. In these circumstances, it is important to explore ways out of this crisis and prevent the collapse of the economic system as a whole. The purpose of this article is to determine the theoretical and institutional causes of economic cycles to predict the crises that arise, and to find ways to mitigate their negative consequences. The theory of economic cycles and stages of their passage is generalized; conducted an analysis of Ukraine’s economy before and during the crisis of 2019-2020. The application of the historical method allowed to use experience, generalize and systematize the development of economic theory and use the collected and systematized data to identify cause-and-effect relationships and predict the future dynamics of Ukraine’s economy.

A model of integrated approach for indication, analysis , correction and sustainable management under the conditions of a smoldering crisis

The inadequate economic policy in 90’s brings to destruction of basic sectors of the Bulgarian industry. Bulgaria is one of European’s countries mostly engaged with deindustrialization process. Nowadays we have to pay more attention to high technological sectors in industry which are based upon theoretical and practical knowledge that by its side is based of enormous investments in science. The condition of Bulgarian industry needs to focus urgently towards inculcating innovations and investments for increasing the enterprise competitiveness. The introducing innovations needs special attention nowadays because the rapidly speed of changes. The world had gone through the industrial time to the age of knowledge. In the fast developing global environment the strategic advantage can be brought by leaders of changes and the only way for that is by introducing innovations. An important role for the long term competitiveness of the Bulgarian economy has the increasing level of innovative enterprises which produce and inculcate new products and processes and the participation of the country in the global high technological manufacture. The reviving of the Bulgarian industry is connected with building new high-tech enterprises and a good example for that is Trakia economic zone (Plovdiv region, Bulgaria).

Crisis management is rather old managerial practice, but the very term is rather new. In last decades of XX century in a number of European countries Crisis management has become recognized as an academic discipline and education and research field. Although it is included in the curriculum of number of faculties, it is not understand in the same way. There is confusion in terminology, methods, concepts and approaches. What is also confusing is the fact that the discipline of Crisis management is most developed in rich and politically stable countries like Sweden and Netherland, while it is still in the rudimentary phase in countries that have faced serious crisis situations in recent past, like ex Yugoslav countries countries. However situation in this field is rapidly changing in the Western Balkans and the conditions for dynamic development of crisis management as an academic discipline emerged, which might contribute to improvement of managerial practice both in profit and public sector.