International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The future development of the renewable energy sector in Bulgaria is already set by the European Commission in the “Energy Map of Europe – 2050”. The goals of the Green Deal should not predominant the goals of environmental protection and reverse. Bulgaria should ensure balance and sustainability in the development especially of wind energy sources due to the fact that most energy potential areas fall in the protected areas and territories by Natura 2000. The biggest such conflict observed in that report is the region of North- Eastern Bulgaria. The production of electricity from wind is one of the activities that has a potential impact on birds. For this reason, the subject of this study analyses the available data and summarize the birds’ impacts of wind generators in the region of North – Eastern Bulgaria.

At the beginning of the XXI century the anthropogenic uncontrollable industrial activity continuously disturbs the equilibrium of the planet formed for millions of years. A number of metals of vital importance decrease calamitously or disappear completely. The desire for high profits on behalf of a definite group of people leads to disappearing of fertile areas and whole mountains. This imp oses the sensible part of humanity to undertake measures to return part of the breached balance.
This elaboration suggests several innovative technologies for use in metallurgy and foundry as well as technologies for mechanical engineering, which ensure saving of material sources and achieve significant ecological effect on the environment.

The proposed technologies represent a complex of classical and modern methods for obtaining, processing and use of mineral and energy earth resources. Methods for utilization of some metal wastes to obtain fit for use products are also indicated

The World Commission on Environmental Sustainability (1987: 43) identified sustainability as addressing current needs without compromising on the possibilities of taking the resources of future generations. Although this definition seems sufficiently well formulated, it has about 40 different definitions of the concept of sustainability in the context of policy actions and their implementation throughout the process.

The homeland of the first modern electrical car is Greece. Legendary Enfild 8000 is one of the first electrical cars in the world, and that small two-seater was also extremely economical. It originated from the Greek island of Syros, where it is exhibited today at the Industrial Museum in Hermoupolis.It is believed that electrical cars are the real small revolution, because we replaced one type of engine with the other, while the autonomous vehicles resistant to human errors will represent the first real big transport revolution of the 21st century. Experts believe that new models of cars will have the best test in Norway1, where during the last year drivers mostly (52%) voted for electric cars and hybrids. Electrified icons: Ford Mustang and Ford F-150 hybrids are coming by 2020. Porsche plans to sell 20,000 cars E mission per year. Also the French are planning to present 8 new electric cars (record holder is the model “zoe”2, and soon the EV version of the “Quid”, a small SUV that is sold on developing markets should join) before year 2022. In Serbia there is a plan to set up more charging stations for electrical vehicles. It will be initially only 3 stations within the project “Green Balkanica”, while it is cited that in China there are even 5 million of these stations.

European environmental policy faces major challenges arising from the interaction between public production and nature.The challenge for us, today’s people, is to create material goods without disturbing eco-equilibrium. The main reasons for the emergence of environmental policy is conditioned by objective factors, the most important of which are: climate change, resource depletion in the face of rising global energy needs, price level dynamics, problems and environmental damage from the development of the classical technologies. One of the possible solutions to this problem is the application of new sources of energy, such as renewable energy sources.

The research covers the usage of the random numbers in Monte Carlo simulations for air pollution models. Two new random number generators are developed; their strengths are compared with the existing random number generators. The results in this paper showed that the two newly developed random number generators achieved better results on a basis of failed test, however it extended the time for generating random numbers. In future we plan to use the newly developed random generators for filling the missing values in the measurements.

The growth rates vehicles pose a significant threat to the physical and chemical status of the atmosphere and negatively impact on human health and viability of other living organisms. The ecological status of airspace in the cities of the modern world, is determined by numerous factors, among which the leading position is taken by motor vehicles, during operation of which, along with the exhaust gases, more than 200 chemical compounds are emitted into the atmosphere.

The paper describes the results of studies of motor vehicles on highways adjacent to the territory of Kutaisi, from ecological standpoint.

As a realistic way for solving the problems would be the use of alternative fuels, rational organization and management of traffic flow, and the large-scale introduction of electric cars and hybrid motor vehicles.

Since January this year, all trains of the Dutch Railways use electricity from wind energy. The electricity from this renewable source is increasingly being used in the world. Insight into the future of transportation will provide versions of "Hyperloop" transportation system, a super fast train that can develop a speed of 1.200 kilometers per hour.

At 23rd of January 2017 in Paris started to run the bus without driver also with aim to reduce pollution in the city. In February 2017 the public learnt of a new taxi service in Dubai that will be implemented from June 2017. These are drones on batteries, which are made in China, EHANG 174.

Authorities in Norway have reported that electric or hybrid cars make half of newly registered vehicles in the country during 2017. It is believed that this is a turning point on the way to the Norwegian fleet of electric vehicles and serves as the proof that policy of green transport produces results.

Lot of work is being done to make hydrogen-powered cars a reality. So many automakers are developing hydrogen-powered cars. These hydrogen-powered cars we can expect to see in the near future. Not many people have heard of the technology and from an infrastructure standpoint, purely electric vehicles make more sense. In the new 2017 „Faraday Future“, American manufacturer of electric cars in Las Vegas presented the "new kind of car," electric sedan that will have acceleration of the "Formula 1" and the ability to learn and adapt to the driver. Did "Tesla" won the competition, and it is FF-91, which should be produced in 2018?

In view of the hazards to the environment resulting from operating fishing cutters, a proposal for energy saving and proecological energetic systems for these vessels is presented in this paper. It also demonstrates the significance of the proecological energetic systems, includes a review of the impact of fuel type, renewable energy sources and energy conversion methods on the degree of the hazards to the environment. The proposed solutions regarding the energetic systems refer to the fishing cutters of the length from 15 to 30 m. The solutions are divided into two groups according to currently available technologies and future technologies allowing for alternative energy sources to be applied.

The car is prevalently considered as a technical system that produces costs and pollution, also as a source of exhausted parts and recycled raw material. In the course of entire life cycle it seriously deteriorates natural balance to the extent to appear as a threat to overall ecological biodiversity on the Earth. Due to mass production and use what includes building-in vast number of materials and component that yield adverse effects on human health, engine cars has become one of major problems of today.
The management of secondary waste requires an established flow of integrated information as well as an complementary system of knowledge and methods regarding landfill remnants reduction and adequate treatment of useful materials. Global automotive industry incites development of national economies and integrates contemporary achievements in the areas of techniques, technology and other scientific disciplines. Thus, the aspects of energy efficiency, waste recycling and environment protection sustainable development environmental shall be taken into account in car designing and production.

The aim of the paper was to propose conception of autonomous robot for sowing and wide row planting. Autonomous work of the robot in range of traction and agronomic processes will be implemented on the basis of data from a many sensors (cameras, sensors position, sensors distance, and others). Positive test results will allow for the use of the robot in organic crops requiring mechanical removal of weeds or in crops with application of selective liquid agrochemicals limited to the minimum The use of a vision system, based on the map coordinates of the position of the sown seeds , will allow for their care on an early stage of plant development. The applicability of the robot to onerous work in organic farming may encourage farmers to discontinue the use of herbicides in crops include sugar beet, corn, etc.