International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The article deals with the assessment of the suitability of the manufacturing process and the analysis of the gear runout. The measurements were carried out using the 3D measuring device Wenzel WGT 280. The Palstat CAQ software was used to evaluate the process, while control charts for individual values and the sliding range were applied. The average value of the process reached 0.1460 and the sliding range was 0.00409. The suitability of the process was assessed using the Cp and Cpk indices with a required value ≥ 1.33, while the calculated values were 1.47 and 1.34. The results confirm that the monitored process is suitable. Subsequently, a comparison of the runout before and after heat treatment – nitriding was performed. The specified tolerance limits (0 μm to 0.0320 μm) were not exceeded, which confirmed the satisfactory state of the process even after the treatment.

Laser welding has become a highly effective technique for joining of metal sheets, offering precision and minimal thermal distortion. The quality of the welds, however, is significantly influenced by the proper selection and control of process parameters. This study focuses on the optimization of key parameters like laser power, welding speed, wire feed rate, and beam oscillation through experimental welding trials.
The practical part of the research involved welding thin sheets with LW-2000W device at various parameter settings, followed by visual inspection and metallographic analysis of the final welds. The findings provide insights into how parameter optimization can enhance consistency and overall process reliability, offering valuable guidelines for industrial applications where high precision is required.

Manual laser welding has become one of the progressive technologies in recent years for processing of metallic materials, showing particular advantages in the welding of different metals. By the high energy concentration and precise focus of the laser beam, it is possible to produce joints with minimal heat-affected zones, significantly reducing the risk of deformation, cracking and other types of defects. This technology enables high-quality and aesthetically welds without the need of post-processing, while also increasing productivity and process repeatability.
This article examines the main principles, parameters and modes of laser beam welding itself, analyzes practical parameters of device LW-2000W, designed for manual laser welding. The final section summarizes practical part focusing on welding of sheet metals at different values of parameters such as power, welding speed, wire feed and beam oscillation.

In this paper, we focused on evaluating the quality of work of the IMPRESS 3160 V MASTER baler with a variable chamber from Pöttinger, designed for harvesting bulk forage. The research was carried out during the silage of red clover, with the main goal being to analyze the influence of different driving speeds and technical settings of the machine, such as the number of active cutting knives, on the quality of the resulting bales. The results point to specific combinations of technical parameters and speeds that lead to the optimization of harvesting and increase the quality of the forage. The findings can serve as a basis for more effective use of the machine in practice and for achieving higher productivity and nutritional value of the silage

During exploitation wagons must fully implement the transportation process safely. Wagons spend their own technical resources in the process of exploitation, and therefore they need to be restored. During the process of moving, accumulated defects in the moving part, axle boxes, brake equipment and in other knots of wagons, and the number of failures in wagons depend on the reliability of the construction and on the quantity of kilometers that the wagons have run.

The paper presents the results of a research focused on the application of laser surfacing of functional surfaces using an additve material in the form of a wire. Cladding is made in a single layer using a robot. The quality of the cladding layer was evaluated by ultrasonic inspection. Possible occurrence of internal defects was assessed. Macrostructures and microstructures were analyzed on metallographic sections using light microscopy. Influence of the used additive material and the cladding parameters on the microhardness behaviour in the individual parts of the test specimens was also evaluated.

The paper presents the results of an investigation aimed at analysing the current state of the art in the construction of hot water piping systems. Weld joint analysis and evaluation is an essential part of the inspection of hot water pipelines to ensure their safe operation. The practical part of this work is focused on the analysis and evaluation of the weld joint of original and new hot water piping. Destructive and non-destructive weld joint testing methods were applied to carry out the evaluation and analysis, the results of which were used to compare the welded joints on the hot water pipeline

The paper presents the results of research aimed at determining the quality of renovation layers using laser technology. In order to repair and renovate shaped parts of molds for casting aluminum alloys under high pressure, samples of experimental welds were prepared on the base material quality 1.2343 (Dievar). The renovation layers were created using additional materials Dievar, UTP A 7002 and NIFIL NiCu7 res. NiCu7 with Dievar combination. The microstructures on the cross-sections of the deposits were checked using the light microscopy technique. The technique of scanning electron microscopy and semi-quantitative EDX microanalyses were analyzed distribution of alloys in deposits. The microhardness of the deposits was determined.

In order to obtain the methods of assessing the quality of the functioning of the motor transport company, it is necessary to develop a methodology for quantitative evaluation of this quality. This methodology should be based on mathematical models of the quality of operations of the motor transport firm.
For purposeful formation of quality, the paper proposes an adequate method of analysis of this quality. At the same time, a method of evaluating the quality of the functioning of the automobile enterprise, evaluating the quality of the decisions taken to improve this property, and forecasting the expected quality of the functioning have been developed.

The study of the formation process of the operation quality of a transport firm is the most topical, since this process significantly determines the dynamics of its evolution. The paper presents the concept of the product and service quality, describes the difference between the service and the product, as well as a step-by-step scheme of quality development. The history of quality management development is also discussed on the example of three leading regions of the world: USA, Japan and Western Europe.
Methods for assessing the quality of products and services have been established, which are somewhat different from each other and are of great importance for assessing the activities of a transport enterprise.

The paper presents the results of quality evaluation of weldments produced by a mutual combination of different steel grades. Weld joints were made using GMAW technology (method -135 ISO 4063). The type of welding parameters used for the quality of welded joints was monitored. The quality of welded joints was assessed using non-destructive tests. In non-destructive tests, the Visual test according to EN ISO 17637, the Penetration test with colour indication according to EN ISO 22476-12 was used to identify surface defects. The presence of internal errors was assessed by a radiation test according to EN ISO 17636-1. Within the destructive tests, the quality of the welds was assessed by a tensile test according to EN ISO 6892-1, by the test of brittleness of welds according to EN ISO 5173, the course of hardness according to EN ISO 6507-1 was determined on transverse cuts. The bending impact test according to EN ISO 9016 will determine the toughness of the weld metal and heat-affected areas. Metallographic analysis of welds according to EN ISO 17639 was performed on transverse metallographic sections using light microscopy. Based on the performed experiments, recommendations were set, or proposed changes in the welding procedures of the given steel grades.

Quality is a process of continuous improvement or improvement of the processes creating the product. Our ability to manage quality characteristics has a significant impact on the depth of our knowledge of the process used for the desired transformation. The application of knowledge in process management depends on the dominant factor for management: human or machine. Each requires an appropriate form of transfer of knowledge. Depending on the type of “human-machine system”, it is possible to use various mathematical and logical tools to formalize the information. This article attempts to classify the types of mathematical and logical tools applicable to process management, depending on the “human-machine system” use.