Research of the relationship between the technical and informational indicators of a production machine (hybrid). Analysis of impact on flexibility, interoperability, decentralization and receiving information in real time. The relationships are represented with the optimization models.
The article analyzes the essence, condition and functioning of the existing logistics system. The aim of the publication is to examine approaches to structural changes that must be made in the logistics system to bring it to the requirements of Industry 4.0. These are segmented and holistic approach and choice for their application, and also the coming change in the pyramid of organization and automation of these processes. Discussed are other approaches to the reorganization of these processes.
For companies, rapid prototyping is a powerful tool for conceptualization, form and fit review, functional analysis, and pattern generation. These applications are also relevant to the manufacturing process. The ability of the development, construction and prototype department is today, in a strong competitive field, very important for the development and existence of the company. The paper will present an example of good practice and the use of rapid prototyping technologies in very complex steel components – rear frame of the motorcycle BMW F 800 S. This article will present the use of technologies of rapid prototyping with a view to presenting a prototype to BMW customer at the stage of the decision on the selection of a supplier.
This paper defines constrained similarity between surfaces via minimizing the L2 norm of the gradient of the difference between the surfaces. An exact general solution is obtained for the case wherein the surfaces are given as mesh-functions defined on a uniform mesh and the imposed constraints are linear. Various examples are presented as well as a MATLAB code for the solution of one of the examples. The code could be adjusted to other cases.
The paper deals with a shaft subjected to an axial pressure with force P and relatively high moment of rotation M. In order to determne the lines of deflection we propose various approaches. The assessment of critical values of P and M is also discussed when loss of stability is available. Thus two fourth-order eigenvalue problems are considered and their mixed variational models are proposed. Finally, some numerical experimental results are presented.
This article proposes an approach to generate a work area of a three-axis delta robot in programming environment of MATLAB.
This work has been viewed and analyzed architectural perspective as the most commonly used in the construction of perspective images of architectural objects. The following are the basic principles of getting perspective image and elements of prospective construction. Based on methods for building a promising images of points, lines and rectangles lying on the field was built prospect of threedimensional body – prism. There are two variants in building perspective image: prism – the edge of which falls within the projection plane and perspective image of the prism away from the projection plane.
Surface 3D reconstruction a topic of great relevance and having a wide range of applications. Systems for surface contouring can be divided into two main categories: the contact systems and non-contacting systems. CMM is the most widespread contact methodology while the 3D laser scanner is the most popular without contact approach. Nowadays further systems are under study and development. One of the most promising is the Structured Light Projection (SLP) approach based upon the projection of a complex pattern of light on the object to be reconstructed. The projection determines the distortion of the projected pattern, the modulated pattern contains the information about the object geometry. If compared with laser scanning SLP is very effective to reduce the measurement time as it does not require the operation of scanning of the object. Also it becomes of great importance when the measurement has to be done on very complex shape object. In fact, in this case, proper identification of the projected sequence can allow to manage very high discontinuity. This becomes essential, for example, in the case of contouring of cultural heritage artifact. For this class of object, moreover, structuration in terms of light intensity could be adopted to compensate local variation of reflectivity. In this paper operating parameters of a structured light system are defined. In particular, the optimal frequency of the projection pattern was defined. Furthermore an algorithm is proposed that locally controls the level of illumination to compensate for the local inhomogeneities in terms of surface reflectivity.
This paper introduces the mechatronic system – a mining locomotive for underground transport. It is presented as a mechatronic system that makes it possible to implement an integrated approach to integration of heterogeneous elements. Discussed are the electrical drive, measuring subsystem, control subsystem, transmission of data concerning the locomotive state. A system for reading the location of each locomotive is proposed that is essential for preventing accidents. Due to severe operating conditions it is necessary to receive updated information about the state and the location of the locomotive. The information system allows for keeping statistical data of all accident and emergency situations. The aim is to extend the service life of the locomotive, to reduce emergency repairs and avoid accidents.
In this work it is assumed that the results of the conceptual design are presented in the form of extended structural scheme. The structural scheme allows to be supplemented with information that specifies the important decisions which secure the expected functionality of the product. There is a propounded approach to integrate structural scheme, loaded with additional design information, into CAD model. This approach allows to automatically generate CAD models of parts that include skeleton models and mechanical interfaces as well as CAD model of assembly in finished state. This way more realistic CAD models containing the actual geometric relationships between the components would be created. On the other hand, the decisions taken at the conceptual design stage are automatically transferred to the CAD model, which reduces the treadmill work associated with its creation.
In the paper trends in the development of marketing communications influenced the unfolding Industry 4.0 are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the study of the relationship of the virtual and real economic space in which modern firms are deploying marketing activities. The advantages of integrated marketing communications (IMC) as a new approach in the development of marketing strategies are determined. The phenomenon of "synergy effect" when companies is obtaining by multiple effects in the economic, communications and social spheres is explored. The foundation of the formation of the IMC is to focus on the target audience, why particular importance is given to the study of changes in the motives of its consumer behavior in the fourth industrial revolution. Go to the individualization of consumption and, respectively, to the two-way interactive marketing communications, it requires the involvement of both consumer and producer. It noted the increasing role of less controlled sources of influence and information dissemination: the independent media, communities, social networks, business partners, family and friends, experts, governmental and non-governmental organizations, controlling the quality of goods. Formation of an effective set of IMC companies depends on the specifics of the enterprise and the characteristics of the environment in which it operates, and the features of the destination to which they are targeted. Marketers indicate the increase in business interest in the emergence of new business models based on the IMC and on some form of consumer behavior in the realvirtual market. Potential interaction with the consumer, which give these models are considered growth factors of competitiveness of firms in the market are identified.
At Fraunhofer IPT we are realizing industry 4.0 through the adaptive digitalization and networking of machines, parts, personnel and other entities in the working environment, in order that information and instruction will be available everywhere and all the time in the production process. With analysis of big production data including machine states and product information gathered in the manufacturing, a predictive production process will be possible, which leads to the reduction of raw materials and scrap parts and to shorten the makespan. In addition, smart devices will play a very important role to help people being integrated in the future manufacturing environment. In this paper, we present our current development progress within the from the German Research Foundation DFG supported Cluster of Excellence “Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage Countries”. Firstly, an overall introduction to our current research in industry 4.0 research is given. After that we propose a conception of implementing digitalization and connection, which presents the effort to enhance both the ability of workers and human-machine-interaction in future production environment. Furthermore, we discuss the application areas of wearable computer technology and identify research topics for smart glasses. With a demonstrator developed in this scope for visual inspection of working parts we present the agile and flexible retrievability of information and interactivity of smart glasses in the future working environment. A further work area in our scope of Industry 4.0 development is the tracing & tracking of participating entities, i.e. the Internet-of-Things (IoT). We are now working on a Bluetooth-based agile low-cost Indoor Positioning System, which will also be proposed in this paper.
The European Commission has supported substantial investment in building and integrating electronic research infrastructures comprising of High Performance Computing resources and data warehouses with large storage capacities and advanced features. The Bulgarian supercomputer system Avitohol has been deployed and reached number 332 in the Top500 list in July 2015 with a theoretical performance of 416 TFlop/s. In order to maximize the use of such expensive equipment it is necessary to deploy an integrated set of services that provide flexible and transparent access. In this paper we describe the main services that provide a virtual research environment that fulfils these needs. We discuss the main features of such services and their benefits for industrial applications, especially when SMEs collaborate with HPC centres.
Micro enterprises as generators of economic growth are increasingly focused on raising the level and improving the use of professional knowledge and skills of all employees of micro-enterprises. Micro entrepreneurs are focused on improving the entrepreneurial competencies, knowledge and skills of human resources, so that their companies could create conditions for a more stable, more competitive and more successful business in the coming period. In this paper, with scientific research methods, is analyzed the level of formal education of owners and managers of micro-enterprises, and analyzed the level of use of the knowledge and skills of the employees of micro-enterprises in the Republic of Croatia. The aim is to present the results of empirical research about the present level of knowledge and skills in micro enterprises, conducted on a sample of 112 micro-enterprises from the three activities: manufacturing, construction and agriculture, fisheries and forestry, whose centers are operating from the region Slavonia and Baranja in Croatia.
Cloud manufacturing, a service oriented, customer centric, demand driven manufacturing model is explored in both its possible future and current states. A vision for the field is documented and the current state of technology is presented from academic viewpoints. This paper illustrates the needs and challenges for the management of distributed manufacturing in a multi-company supply chain and processes considering new IT systems. Requirements are collected from literature in the field of current ERP/MES system drawbacks, advantages, needs and challenges.
From the beginning of the 21st century the industrial activity and potential are key factors of urban development just like geographical location. The aim of this study is to analyse urban development strategies in the light of the fourth Industrial revolution. The first part presents the challenges the cities are facing, and the possible answers: introducing a concept to create Industry 4.0 "ready" urban environment and to build Smart Cities. In addition a theoretical framework of urban development strategies is also introduced. The second part is an analysis of the urban development strategies of two Hungarian automotive-industry cities Kecskemét and Győr based on the above mentioned criteria
New information and communication technologies have entered the market, facilitating full automation across a broad range of industries. This development is called Industry 4.0. Current predictions claim, there will be a redistribution of the workforce and a redesign of job profiles. New requirements are being placed on employees in terms of digital competence, problem solving or humanmachine communication. For companies, it is going to be crucial to develop an adequate personnel development strategy as part of their corporate strategy, thus providing various accompanying measures for the change process. What are the challenges the Human Resources departments are facing in their efforts to support their employees? This paper deals with various aspects of human resources and the impact of digitalization on the workplace of the future. Therefore a capability maturity model was developed and will be presented within this article. Using the model, companies can detect their individual level of digitization in the Human Resources field and will be able to implement a future development strategy.
The paper considers the results of desk and field research on the strengths and weakness of young and older employees carried out in eight EU countries. In addition, it outlines the competence gaps of public sector employees 30- and 50+. Furthermore, the paper presents an alternative learning path that will improve the competences of the employees in the public sector making an attempt to bridge the intergenerational gap thus fostering their competitiveness on the labour market. Conclusions about the effectiveness of the proposed learning path are drawn.
Industry 4.0 programs and other initiatives like the industrial internet are changing the way the industry works today. Cities with existing significant industrial capacities or the ones who want to attract such investments need to prepare for the changing needs of the industry. We expect the the trends of automation and efficiency improvement to continue. The production section of the value chain is becoming more and more competitive and therefore less profitable relative to Research and Development or Product design. We also expect product quality and meeting personal customer needs to become key differentiators in the new area of personalized mass production. Nowadays innovation is happening in ecosystems. We are proposing a measurement system called Smart Collaboration Index to assess innovation capabilities of cities in the new area.
Due to volatile and fast moving markets, increasing competition or more complex product solutions, industrial companies are facing increasingly intricate challenges. High energy consumption, emissions output, resource scarcity and waste are just some of the issues enterprises have to manage. Industry 4.0 focuses on an intelligent and interconnected world in which smart factories represent the connection between digital and physical production networks. This interconnection can lead to a variety of environmental benefits, such as consuming fewer resources by means of intelligent connectivity of objects. The energy consumption of a company can be reduced by using start-stop technologies or big data transparency concerning resource and energy consumption to reach optimization potential in production.