Industry 4.0
Vol. 5 (2020), Issue 2

Table of Contents

  • TECHNOLOGICAL BASIS OF “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Data security model in cloud computing

      pg(s) 55-58

      In the last decade, cloud computing has become an extremely important business assistant that offers significantly lower costs than traditional computer-aided resource provision and greater adaptability to business changes. Thus, it helps them to achieve their business goals. The development of cloud computing poses significant risks, which serve as a partial barrier to their use by the businesses. Security and protection of information are considered to be one of the most critical points in the use of cloud computing. Compared to traditional solutions, cloud computing moves application software and databases to large data centers where information and service management are not always secure and reliable. As a result of this, the community and businesses have many concerns and questions about the security of data and applications in cloud infrastructures. In addition, concerns about data security and applications also arise due to the fact that both user data and applications are managed by the cloud provider. Clouds typically use a standardized data and application security architecture, while the demand for consumer and business services is steadily growing and becoming more diverse and with more sophisticated software design that leads to continuous upgrades to data security models in cloud computing. Due to the different methods of implementation in cloud computing service delivery models, the demand for a reasonable level of data protection is of utmost importance. The purpose of this publication is to propose a new information security model, which offers a solution for improving the use of sensitive data by introducing a three-factor authentication – an improvement of preventive control.

    • CAD/CAM-system module for the design of automatic production

      pg(s) 59-62

      Automated production becomes a new reality of the industry, one of the important points in the construction of such production is a more accurate and quick design of technological processes for processing and assembly of parts. Analysis of computer-aided design systems shows the inadequacy of their capabilities to achieve this result. Significant improvement of CAD / CAM systems is required, for which it is necessary to establish close relationships between the part, tool, machine tool, technology, as well as digitize world experience and build an advanced algorithm that independently takes many different decisions, such as grouping part elements into operations and grouping transitions for their processing.

    • Features of solving identification problems in transport technologies

      pg(s) 63-67

      The peculiarities of carrying out the basic methods of solving the problems of identification, which have become widespread in transport technologies, are considered. Three approaches were tested: a deterministic approach based on the method of selected points, a statistical approach that includes the least-squares method, and – an inductive approach – a method of group accounting of arguments. A number of experiments have been conducted, which is based on structural optimization of the model. In the process of analysis of the obtained models, a rational model of setting and solving identification problems in transport technologies of optimal complexity was obtained. This systematic flow diagram can be successfully applied to solve complex analytical tasks.

    • A survey on deep learning in big data analytics

      pg(s) 68-71

      Over the last few years, Deep learning has begun to play an important role in analytics solutions of big data. Deep learning is one of the most active research fields in machine learning community. It has gained unprecedented achievements in fields such as computer vision, natural language processing and speech recognition. The ability of deep learning to extract high-level complex abstractions and data examples, especially unsupervised data from large volume data, makes it attractive a valuable tool for big data analytics. In this paper, we review the deep learning architectures which can be used for big data processing. Next, we focus on the analysis and discussions about the challenges and possible solutions of deep learning for big data analytics. Finally, have been outlined several open issues and research trends.

  • DOMINANT TECHNOLOGIES IN “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Concept of parametric design and fast 3D printing of individual shoes

      pg(s) 72-75

      A personalized approach to printing individual shoes is possible due to the availability of laser scanning of the feet and professional interpretation of the results. Based on preliminary diagnostics of the condition of the musculoskeletal system in areas of high pressure in the feet, it is possible to identify problems associated with pain in the joints of the lower extremities and lumbosacral, abnormalities and asymmetries of their structure. It is also possible to timely relieve ankle, knee, femoral joints, lumbosacral spine, correct posture and gait, reduce joint pain, prevent surgery on joints of the lower extremities and lumbosacral spine, monitor the dynamics of changes in the rehabilitation period.
      The task of effective prevention and early diagnosis of problems of the musculoskeletal system can be solved with the targeted popularization of individual shoes and orthopedic insoles among the population, as well as its accessibility thanks to additive technologies, databases of parametric digital models, an established production and technological cycle and a flexible client-oriented service , including protocols for remote and virtual interaction between production and the end user.
      However, shoes printed on a 3-D printer, so far, are not attractive to consumers or manufacturers. Mass production of shoes is still much faster and cheaper, although initially it was assumed that the introduction of additive technologies will significantly reduce the cost and time costs, but so far this has not happened for several reasons. In our country, there is a shortage of specialists in digital technologies, 3Dmodeling and printing. In addition, as elsewhere in the world, equipment for fast 3D printing has a very high cost and only giants such as Adidas or Nike can create real production of printed products. However, it is a matter of time. The area of additive technologies is attracting more and more medium and small firms, individual designers, because 3D printing allows you to achieve unexpected and revolutionary results, as well as provide customized solutions at an affordable price.

    • An experimental study on energy generation from photovoltaic-thermal hybrid systems

      pg(s) 76-78

      Solar energy is one of the leading renewable energy sources because of its great potential, affordability of the individual system prices, zero emission and no noise emission. 21st century will be based on renewable energy sources, with strict environmental measures, primary energy use will mainly consist of a combination of (different) clean energy sources among which solar energy will play a leading role. Two technologies for harnessing the energy of the sun are photovoltaic cells (PV) and solar collectors. Photovoltaic cells (PV) exploit the visible part of the spectrum while solar collectors use the infrared part. Combining these two technologies into one provides a system that produces electricity and heat at the same time using all parts of the solar spectrum. These systems are known as photovoltaic thermal systems or PV/T. This paper presents the description of these systems and methods of application. Among this, this paper gives description of experimental PV/T installation at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Banja Luka.

  • BUSINESS & “INDUSTRY 4.0”

    • Information risk management in SME sector enterprises

      pg(s) 79-83

      The article attempts to determine the level of use of methods increasing the security of information resources among the SME sector enterprises declaring the use of information security risk management methods. Research was carried out to determine the scope of use of risk management methods in the aspect of actions taken in the area of security of the intangible assets. Also the so-called “human factor” in the information protection process was taken into account. An attempt was made to determine how business entities use risk assessment in any form and how many of them use (and to what extent) the recommendations described in the ISO/IEC 27005 standard.

    • Introduction of Industry 4.0 in Industrial Enterprises: Problems and Challenges

      pg(s) 84-86

      This publication analyzes the opportunities, problems and challenges associated with the implementation of Industry 4.0 in Bulgarian industrial enterprises in condition of a dynamic changing competitive environment and extending digitalization. An analysis is made on the base of the four fundamental principles that are used for application of solutions related to the implementation of Industry 4.0 and that influence on the organizational activities in all functional areas in the industrial enterprise. Various industrial sectors are analyzed to identify the trends, problems and challenges of the introduction of Industry 4.0 in manufacturing activities. Opportunities for improving their competitiveness are identified by means of using the principles and advantages of the modern digitalization. Up-to-date statistics and various methods for analyzing of the existing information are used. The specifics of development of the leading sectors in Bulgarian economy  are identified. The results show that there is a growing number of Bulgarian industrial enterprises focused on deploying Industry 4.0 to reach new higher levels of productivity, quality and efficiency. This is a new approach in seeking favorable opportunities for their further sustainable development and competitiveness. Some fundamental problems, challenges and barriers in industrial enterprises, in the process of introduction of digitalization in the industry are discussed, which hinder the fast pace of their development. As a result of this analysis are presented some appropriate solutions.

    • Оn predictability of precious metals towards robust trading

      pg(s) 87-89

      Large amounts of liquidity flow into several precious metals every day. Investment decisions are mainly based on predicting the future movements of the instrument(s) in question. However, high frequency financial data are somewhat hard to model or predict as stochastic processes and many other random factors are involved. It would be valuable information for the investor if he or she knew which precious metals were quantitatively more predictable, that would also be a good basis for more robust trading decisions. The objective in this study is to build predictive models on high frequency precious metal data and compare predictabilities of different metals using only past price and volume values which should be a basis for robust trading decisions. The data used consist of various frequencies from 1-minute to 4-hour covering a period of almost 20 years for each instrument and frequency. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (XGB) methods are applied. Comparable results are achieved

  • SOCIETY & ”INDUSTRY 4.0”