International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Conducted analytical studies, resulted in the construction of a new mathematical model of plane-parallel motion combined simultaneous sowing unit and bandpass mineral fertilizers. If you use the original equation in the form of Lagrange II-the kind, the system was composed of six differential equations of motion, that describes the behavior of the combined unit with its plane-parallel motion. Defined analytical expressions for the forces, that act on the machine unit, can be solved on the PC.

Field laboratory tests of the seeder under development with the intellectual control unit for the technological process of sowing non-loose grass seeds, consisting of a frame, seed box with sowing devices, attachment, sowing section, running gear and sowing device drive, were carried out on the territory of the University’s research and production campus, which was divided into plots 37 * 3,6 m in size.
The following parameters were adopted for the breadboard model of the seeder: speed of movement 7 km / h; seed placement depths of 2 and 4 cm. Aisle spacing of 30 cm was taken. The maximum and minimum seeding rate for the selected crop was defined.
An analysis of laboratory tests of the seeder showed that the sowing ability of the seeder is 8-30 kg / ha, while the unevenness of the sowing was 4,60% when sowing grain and 4,80% when sowing the awnless bun. The instability of the total sowing is 2,90% when sowing wheat grass and 2,7% when sowing the awnless bun.
The field germination of “Burabay” wheatgrass seeds in experimental plots amounted to 90%, and on the plot sown with awnless bun “Akmolinsky Emerald”, the germination rate was 89%; the uniformity of the seeding depth of the seeds of the prototype seeder is 6,28% in the sowing of wheatgrass, and the sowing of the awnless bun is 5,78%; the number of seeds embedded in the layer of average actual depth and two adjacent layers on the sowing of wheatgrass was 91% and on the sowing of awnless bun is 90%, which corresponds to agro technical requirements; when testing a prototype planter of the seeder, the distribution of seeds over the feeding area was 62% for the sowing of grain and 64% for sowing of the awnless bun.
An analysis of the results of laboratory field tests of the seeder showed that, according to the quality indicators of the technological process, the developed seeder meets the agro technical requirements for grass sowing and is not inferior to foreign seeders and it is necessary to conduct its extended field tests.

During the operation of the tractor unit in field operations, not all the power developed by the tractor engine is effectively spent on useful work.
To use the tractor power effectively, reduce or eliminate its useless losses, the article considers the tractor power balance, showing the distribution of effective power among the individual components for traction and driving their working details. According to theoretical studies, it was found that the traction resistance of a wide-seeder with clutch openers consists of two components; this is the resistance of the hopper to movement and the resistance of the filling part
It was found that traction resistance will decrease as the hopper empties. The pulling resistance of the embedment is made up of several components, with the maximum permissible working speed of the unit, the maximum embedment depth and the highest seed sowing rate, the required power to perform the sowing process is obtained within 120 kW (163, 155 h.p), excluding the tractor power for raising or lowering the side sections of the sealing part. The total power consumption is distributed as follows: 90,8% to overcome the traction resistance of the wide seed drill, 9,1% for the fan hydraulic drive, and the remaining 0,1% for the electric meter.
To reduce the amount of required power for the sowing process, it is necessary to work in the direction of reducing the seeder mass and improving the design parameters of working coulters.

One of the main ways of obtaining high yields is a method of sowing and technology for its implementation. At present in the world practice, the creation of high-performance and adapted to certain soil-climatic conditions, sowing units is moving in two directions: increasing the degree of combination (versatility) of sowing machines and the use of centralized tanks for seeds and fertilizers, and pneumatic sowing systems.
However, models of seeders with CVS do not fully meet agro technical requirements for uniformity of sowing between coulters and are aggregated only with a specific tractor class, while having a high cost and low annual load. In this connection, the creation of high-performance and adapted to certain soil and climatic conditions of Kazakhstan is very relevant.

Conducted analytical studies, resulted in the construction of a new mathematical model of plane-parallel motion combined simultaneous sowing unit and bandpass mineral fertilizers. If you use the original equation in the form of Lagrange II-the kind, the system was composed of six differential equations of motion, that describes the behavior of the combined unit with its plane-parallel motion. Defined analytical expressions for the forces, that act on the machine unit, can be solved on the PC.

Sowing is the most important of all technological processes and has a serious impact on yields. Failure to observe the basic agro-technical requirements, such as optimum sowing time, proper soil preparation, sowing, sowing depth, etc., leads to irreversible losses. The seed drill, which is a modified version of a factory-made drill for punched wide-row sowing in paired rows. It is part of a machine system used to implement innovative technology in which traditional surface treatment machines are not needed. This requires that a cultivator section be included in its device to prepare the soil at the same time as sowing. Turning the seed drill into a combined machine requires it to check its performance. The inspection was carried out by examining the degree of crushing of the layer, the alignment of the profile of the treated strip and the deviation from the set depth of sowing. Each of these metrics is considered as an optimization parameter involved in three single factor experiments with a single controllable factor in them – machine speed (x).

The technological processes in growing crops follow specific sequence and every diversion from the quality indicators leads to unintended negative consequences. Sowing is a continuation of the pre-sowing soil treatment, which, in its turn, is a continuation of deep ploughing. In conventional farming, a number of advantages of deep ploughing can be lost unless an appropriate pre-sowing soil treatment is applied, followed by laying the seeds in the ground under optimal conditions.

In the cases, when the choice of technology for growing and harvesting row crops, and more specifically, the type of tillage applied, is a result of analysis of physical, mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, a reduced number of soil treatments can be suggested, or, in some cases, even implementing the subsequent technological processes after no till treatment.

A great number of farmers do no not possess the technological set of machinery for implementing innovative technologies. In such cases, the possibility of quick reconstruction of existing machinery, which should be able to operate following different technological sequence. Sowing is the most important of all technological processes and the preparedness of seeders to work in an integrated mode is of extreme importance, so that the can meet the challenge of reduced number of soil treatments.

Conducted analytical studies, resulted in the construction of a new mathematical model of plane-parallel motion combined simultaneous sowing unit and bandpass mineral fertilizers. If you use the original equation in the form of Lagrange II-the kind, the system was composed of six differential equations of motion, that describes the behavior of the combined unit with its plane-parallel motion. Defined analytical expressions for the forces, that act on the machine unit, can be solved on the PC.