International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Handling with municipal solid waste nowadays is becoming a global challenge. Albania is facing equally this issue. Although, in recent years a considerable progress has been achieved, still the country is lagging behind the EU states. In generally, the overall progress is slow and the requirements set by the policy and legal framework are not met. However, in recent years in Albania there are some developments related to solve the waste treatment dilemma. Thus, the government chose the public-private partnership model to operate in this field. Therefore currently in Albania are proposed three waste firing plants, placed in Elbasan and Tirana, central Albania and Fier,
southwest of the country. The Elbasan waste to energy plant is in operation since June 2017. Another plant in Fier is projected to start operation soon. This article aims to optimize a 5.5 MWe waste to energy plant in the Albanian conditions. Parametric design of thermodynamic properties of the WtE plant based Rankine cycle model are presented in this study. Optimization of plant efficiency in relation to extraction pressure and feed-water temperature is some of the outputs of this study.

Transport infrastructure brings together conventional groundwork and innovative technologies in order to improve various aspects of transport system management and control. It enables anticipatory maintenance, planning and scheduling, resource management and aims to improve reliability and safety, increased capacity and asset utilization, better energy efficiency and lower emissions, higher customer service levels and increased economic feasibility. Transport infrastructures have long service life and great costs of building, manning, operating and maintaining throughout their life. Innovation and technology shifts proved to be important factors determining great changes in infrastructure potential and even determine its obsolescence. It is regarded as a concern throughout infrastructure’s entire life cycle and reflects changes in expectation regarding performances in functioning, safety and environmental effects.
Performance and failure are illustrated conceptually and represented in a simplified form considering the evolution of technology, the influence of innovation breeding new generation rail infrastructure, all the way through infrastructure’s service life.
According to the identified particularities, recommendations are to be made in order to insure a best practice in lifecycle management and transport infrastructure renewal in the context of improved reliability, safety and efficiency.

Research, optimization and practical implementation of a Small Hydropower Plants as a source of clean electricity are one of the actual tasks in the current energetics, which is virtually impossible to solve without powerful computer support due to the strongly nonlinear nature of such systems. The article presents an overview of the most common simulation model schemes of Small Hydropower Plants, whereas explores the sub-models of its individual subsystems. The hydraulic turbine is considered as a core of the hydropower plant, whose efficiency calculation is analytically demanding and dependent on parameters that are often obtained only by theoretical estimation. In the article a fuzzy system was used to create its model based on measured operating data on the turbine flow rate and the height of its water column without the need to know the turbine parameters. Such a model is applicable in practice for the design of an energy-optimized hydroturbine control as well as to the effective determination of the deterioration rate. The correctness of the results was verified by simulation measurements in the MATLAB program.

There are growing appeals for the tilting chamber (TC) technology equipped with the “PTC-S” device, which is a profound improvement of the technology of mechanized harvesting of cereals, fodder and oilseeds; and other existing technologies in the field of transportation of beveled crop into the threshing and shredding chamber, etc. That is why TC equipped with “PTC-S” refers to the new generation of working tools for transporting the crop from the harvester or pick-up to the threshing and separating device of the harvesting machine. The development has significant advantages, among which the main ones are: a significant increase in energy efficiency, reduction of quantitative and qualitative grain losses during harvesting, etc.

The essence of the concept “management of the strategy of innovation activity” is explored. The groups of factors of the external and internal environment that influence the management of the strategy of innovative activity of industrial enterprises are distinguished. The necessity of using methods and tools that will reduce or neutralize the factors of the external and internal environment and increase the effectiveness of the strategy of innovative activity of industrial enterprises is substantiated. The author’s definition of the theoretical essence of “management of the strategy of innovation activity” is proposed.

The possibilities of using the investment potential of industrial enterprises are investigated. The expediency of formation of investment potential of industrial enterprises is substantiated. The methods and procedure for assessing the effectiveness of the investment potential of the enterprise are analyzed. The organization of the system for managing the efficiency of the investment potential of an industrial enterprise is proposed.

The relevant task of animal husbandry is to provide animals with high-quality and cheap feed protein. In this regard, a promising direction is the use of a protein feed additive, produced as a result of the microbiological synthesis of the yeast Debaryomyces hansenii var hansenii (D.f.v.) during the processing of milk whey. To assess the results of the applicability of this additive when feeding animals, comparative tests were carried out with chicken replacements. It was found that the introduction of domestic protein feed additive in the compound feed of chicken replacements, produced by processing milk whey, equal to the amount of fish meal (5%) according to energy and protein nutrition, contributes to an increase in the growth rate of young chickens by 5.2%; reduction of feed costs per 1 kg increase in body weight by 4.5%; a more active evidence of physiological maturation of young chickens (by changing the first-order flight feathers); and an evidence of sexual dimorphism (by the size of the caruncle) in comparison with the control group.

The factors effecting evaluation of industrial enterprises` business plan risks have been defined. Types of risks, their characteristics and insurance forms have been studied amid current business environment. It has been pointed out that the criteria themselves are not enough to accept a project by an industrial enterprise. It has been proved that project`s decision making has to meet all the criteria and stakeholders’ interests of an investment project. The criteria based on value changes over time, which can be taken into account when evaluating comparable amounts of money separated by time, have been suggested.

The reasons of unsuccessful capital investments, which provide activity of industrial enterprises have been studied. It has been found out that to ensure industrial enterprises` sustainability, it is important to have the reserve of effective investments ideas . It has been determined that when planning industrial enterprises` activities it is important to take into account the probability of investment forecasts. The principal algorithms for actions in the process of planning to eliminate various types of deviations of actual results of investment activity from predicted ones have been proposed.

Theoretical approaches to the investment process` nature definition and the order of investment process` stages have been analyzed. The main trends of enterprises` investment process` introduction have been specified. Dynamics of enterprises` investment process` have been identified. The main features of investment cycle and its liaison with scientific and technical progress have been marked. It has been suggested to study industries` investment attractiveness as integral characteristic of separate economic fields regarding development perspectives, investment yield, and level of investment risks. It has been found out that certain industries` investment attractiveness is evaluated amid enterprise`s investment strategy`s development and field diversification of the investment portfolio.

The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine with real open cycle. Gas turbine operates in combined heat and power (CHP) system. Analysis is provided by using measured operating parameters of operating mediums (air and combustion gases) in all required operating points. Cumulative real turbine developed power amounts 78611.63 kW. In the whole gas turbine process, the highest losses occur in combustion chambers during the heat supply process and amounts 13689.24 kW. Turbine power losses are equal to 7976.22 kW, while the turbo-compressor power losses amounts 4774.24 kW. While taking into account all analyzed gas turbine components, the highest efficiency of 90.79% has turbine, followed by combustion chambers which efficiency is equal to 89.01%. Turbo-compressor efficiency amounts 88.59% and the whole gas turbine cycle has efficiency equal to 33.15%.

The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine with real open cycle. Gas turbine operates in combined heat and power (CHP) system. Analysis is provided by using measured operating parameters of operating mediums (air and combustion gases) in all required operating points. Cumulative real turbine developed power amounts 78611.63 kW. In the whole gas turbine process, the highest losses occur in combustion chambers during the heat supply process and amounts 13689.24 kW. Turbine power losses are equal to 7976.22 kW, while the turbo-compressor power losses amounts 4774.24 kW. While taking into account all analyzed gas turbine components, the highest efficiency of 90.79% has turbine, followed by combustion chambers which efficiency is equal to 89.01%. Turbo-compressor efficiency amounts 88.59% and the whole gas turbine cycle has efficiency equal to 33.15%.