International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The article presents a study of the development of agricultural mechanics in Ukraine based on the coverage of scientific works in the areas of research of its patriarch, academician of VASGNIL, academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Professor Petro Vasylenko. The article analyzes not only his personal scientific works, but also the research of his immediate students. Academician Petro Vasylenko is known far beyond the borders of Ukraine for his fundamental research not only in agricultural mechanics, but also in the theory and methods of calculation of tillage,
sowing, grain harvesting and beet harvesting machines, as well as in the dynamics and stability of agricultural machinery. Petro Vasylenko was also awarded the highest award in the field of agricultural mechanics, the V.P. Goryachkin Gold Medal, for his outstanding scientific contribution to the development of the theory and practice of agricultural mechanics and for the creation of a scientific school. This award was given only to outstanding scientists with a worldwide reputation who enriched the treasury of scientific knowledge with fundamental works in the field of agricultural engineering aspects of agriculture.

The structural-logical model of training of future specialists in agroengineering for innovative project activity has been developed on the basis of a systematic comprehensive study of the theoretical course of agricultural machines, the deepening of the students’ scientific work on the development of supporting and moving elements of machine-tractor units, including pneumatic tires. The samples of individual fragments from the algorithm and the method of calculation of wheels used in the educational process are provided and the general and professional competencies of the agroengineer are created, especially during the implementation of future specialists in agroindustrial production of higher education courses in the course of master’s and master’s studies. It is noted that the training of agroengineers for innovative project activities is carried out in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Higher Education” and the standards of higher education of Ukraine. The influence of interdisciplinarity in the system of cross-cutting project preparation on the readiness for implementation of production practical tasks is investigated. It is confirmed that the support-run elements of aggregates in the conditions of complex terrain contributes to the development of erosion processes and negatively affect the soil fertility. Any tire better satisfies the condition of permissible wheel pressure on the soil if the air pressure in the tire is low. Improving the technological process of manufacturing tires for agricultural purposes allows them to ensure their quality, reliability and operational safety.

The conducted scientific researches on the theory of project preparation of agroengineers are based on scientific research on agricultural engineering which were based on regulatory documents, including the Law of Ukraine “On Higher Education”, which states that the educational process is an intellectual, educational and scientific activity, which is being carried out in institutions of higher education through a system of scientific and methodological and pedagogical activities. The study of the influence of cross-cutting, scientifically substantiated sequencing and step-by-step pedagogical technology of training on the formation of readiness for future activities of future specialists in agroengineering was conducted. In a scientifically substantiated system of cross-cutting design of technical means of mechanization, the key stage is the implementation of a professionally relevant for agroengineer coursework on agricultural machines, which students perform at the 3rd year of study at the university. In these scientific studies, the readiness of a future specialist in agroengineering to design and research activities was assessed by motivational-value, cognitive-educational and activity-practical criteria.

New educational standards involve significant changes in the structure, content, aim and tasks of education. The article deals with the results of investigation of peculiarities of the method of projects usage in the theory of teaching a future agricultural engineer in higher education institutions. The method of projects in educational technologies provides solving an agricultural problem and it is directed into achieving a specific result that can be publicly presented and transferred to a customer. The main achievement is a creative research project that demands integrated knowledge, investigation for getting significant results of theoretical and cognitive character and practical character. Such project should be vital according to the chosen topic, problems and tasks, methods of investigation, sources of information, hypothesis and ways of solving the given problem.

the theory of cumulative fuel consumption has been presented. The example of interurban bus research results have shown the way of getting to mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption and the intensity of cumulative fuel consumption. The high value of pres- cience quotients is not a case- similar values were obtained in various different cases.

In theoretical study of most of agricultural machines working bodies there is a need of the modeling of material particles (material points) motion on their working surfaces. Questions of such modeling in cases when the specified surfaces are give to material points movement with difficult trajectories are especially difficult. Objective of this research is to develop the basic provisions of complex movement theory of material point. When carrying out research methods of modeling theory, theoretical mechanics, higher mathematics, in particular differential geometry, methods of drawing up programs and numerical calculations on the personal computer are used. As a result of the conducted theoretical research the complex movement of material point which relative movement happens in a moving trihedron of curve which is defined by the natural equations is considered. The figurative movement of a trihedron is defined by differential characteristics of curve. Competency of use of Frenet formulas for finding absolute speed and point acceleration in projections on unit vectors of the moving trihedron is proved. As a result of numerical calculations on the personal computer there were found absolute trajectories of material point movement and qualitative assessment of received results was carried out.

High seeding quality of grain crops under modern technologies causes increase of requirements to seeders opener. We developed a new design of the combined two-disk anchor opener which can qualitatively carry out their functions under modern technologies, in particular no-till. Research purpose is development of the functioning theory of the created new furrow-opener design which integrates in itself constructive elements of two-disk openers and anchor type openers and can works on roughly prepared soil with plant residues and provides the stable seeds sowing depth at the increased seeding speeds. When carrying out researches methods of mathematics, theoretical mechanics, modeling, researches results statistical analysis, drawing up programs for calculations on PC are used. Parameters of the combined two-disk opener with the advanced mechanism of sowing depth regulation are substantiated. On the basis of the scheme of a opener design it is proved need of using certain rigidity spring for stability seeding to a predetermined depth within the agrotechnology limit.

Dependences for calculation of rational spring elasticity which take into account geometrical parameters of opener design are obtained. The pilot studies conducted in field conditions confirm advantages of new constructive decisions of this combined opener. It is established that the seeder with the combined two-disk anchor openers steadily puts seeds on a compacted seed bed that excludes inertial seeds ejection beyond the agrotechnology limits, including at the increased seeding speeds.

Beet tops harvesting is a complex task of the sugar beet growing industry which forms the qualitative indicators of root crops during their further digging out from the soil and determines the loss of tops and sugar-bearing mass. In the development of theoretical foundations of the optimal tops cutting from heads of sugar beet root by different types of topping working bodies should take into account forces which act at the same time and the rational cutting height. Theoretical researches having been carried out hitherto concerned only the detailed analytical description of the functioning of the new designs of topping working bodies and practically did not concern the general provisions of the separation tops from the head of root crop. The aim of this study is the theoretical determination of the forces that occur at the contact point of cutting working body of topper machines with root crops head of sugar beet root crop. When carrying out theoretical studies are used the methods of mathematics, theoretical mechanics, strength of materials, methods of programming and numerical calculations on PC. As a result, of the theoretical research new analytical dependencies of force describing the processes of crumpling and subsequently cutting of sugar beet heads by topping working body, depending on the size and shape of root crops heads and design parameters of topper have been obtained. As a result, of numerical calculations on PC critical level value of penetration of the cutting element of topping working body into root crops head of sugar beet and maximum value of cutting force at which ejection of root vegetables from the soil doesn’t take place, was defined. The obtained theoretical dependencies and values of normal reaction and cutting forces are the basis for the further working out of a mathematical model of dynamic interaction system of cutting working bodies with the heads of sugar beet.

Production of hydroponic green fodder is an important task of agriculture, which in developed countries is given enough attention. Currently, the world’s developed a considerable number of various designs installations for the production of hydroponic products, but the main working body of these installations are trays in which the cultivation of hydroponic green fodder, as one of the most simple, but fairly effective devices for seeding, cultivation and the ready products. Due to the fact that each of the trays used for these purposes is a resilient structure which is under the influence of considerable forces and bending moments, to design it requires fairly accurate preliminary and final strength calculations. The aim of this study is to develop guidelines on the calculation theory of plant trays strength for the production of hydroponic green fodder. The study used modeling techniques, higher mathematics, mechanics of materials and structures, in particular the theory of elasticity of plates and shells, as well as the methods of calculation and programming on a PC.

The study built a mechanical model and the design of the tray scheme, defined analytical expressions to change the maximum and calculated moments in his dangerous sections and constructed diagrams of bending and torque. Further graphs of changes in the safety margin of the tray frame, depending on the area of seed tube parameters and from which it is made. These charts should be used for the calculation and control of the results. A new theory can be used in calculating the strength of similar containers, which are used in the mechanization of agricultural production