International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

Over recent decades, healthcare has undergone transformation through digitalization, and systematic data exchange. These developments have contributed to the emergence of Healthcare 4.0 and have changed the organization, delivery, and monitoring of healthcare services. Modern healthcare systems increasingly rely on interconnected technologies that link patient-based and hospital-based components into broader digital ecosystems, supporting communication, structured data sharing, and more continuous healthcare delivery. Wearable and sensor-based technologies have expanded home-based patient monitoring by enabling the collection and transmission of health-related data outside traditional clinical settings. This data may be shared with healthcare professionals and incorporated into the electronic health record (EHR), a one of the key components of modern eHealth infrastructure. However, clinical usefulness depends on effective integration, interoperability, and interpretation within healthcare information systems. Telemedicine platforms enable remote communication between healthcare professionals and patients and may provide access to selected clinical data in real time. This concept can support individualized counselling, continuity of care, and adherence to therapeutic recommendations. Nevertheless, telemedicine should not be understood as an isolated service, but as part of a broader digital healthcare ecosystem. Artificial intelligence (AI) has further expanded the potential applications of telemedicine across medical specialties and may contribute to improved healthcare efficiency. This article provides an overview of current eHealth systems and telemedicine, with attention to their integration into digital health infrastructure and future perspectives in the transition from Healthcare 4.0 toward Healthcare 5.0.

Quality management is an often-overlooked business factor that represents a strategic pillar for industrial enterprises that aim to strengthen their competitiveness in the national and global markets. This paper examines the contemporary challenges faced by quality management systems in industrial settings, considering digital transformation and integration with Industry 4.0. Key impediments and opportunities are identified, and recommendations for enhancing quality practices are proposed.

In recent years, information security and data protection have become key factors in ensuring the stability, trust, and continuity of operations in any organization. With the expansion of the process of digitalization and the increasing dependance on information technologies, the need for reliable mechanisms to protect data and prevent cyber threats becomes ever more critical. Security breaches lead not only to significant financial losses but also to serious damage to an organization’s reputation and the trust of its business partners. This paper describes the processes involved in building an effectively functioning information security system and outlines the key aspects of developing an information security policy. The presentation examines the fundamental principles, approaches, and technologies that ensure the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information. Emphasis is placed on risk analysis, vulnerability assessment, and the implementation of adequate protection measures tailored to the specific organizational structure and its resources.

This report identifies the drivers and challenges of tourism human capital management under the conditions of ubiquitous digital transformation. Major attention was paid to integration of opportunities of the existing technologies caused by the penetration of artificial intelligence in all spheres of the tourism industry, while preserving the which will give way to harmonious interaction and will create technological intelligence.

Digitalization is essential for improving business processes in today’s business environment. Around the world, the process of business digitalization is considered one of the biggest challenges for the economies of countries, because such a process costs a lot and weighs heavily on business and state budgets. Enterprises can easily adopt new technologies in production processes and at all economic levels thanks to digital technology, which also enables them to dominate markets. The importance of the research topic and the problems that digital management addresses are determined by the speed with which the information, communication and economic domains are developing. Nowadays, the use of digital tools and platforms allows companies to save costs, create competitive business advantages and, most importantly, respond quickly to changes in internal and external environments. Albanian businesses are also in the situation of many businesses challenged by the demands of using new technologies in the implementation of their business processes, both in terms of production and creation, as well as in terms of supply and sales. The increase in demands on the quality of services and products produced on the one hand, and the increase in demands on the speed of service delivery on the other, are recognized as the main indicators in the beginning of the digitalization of businesses in our country. The digitalization of business operations has an impact on the entire business network, considering that all forms of doing business are dependent on the use of digital technologies.
Therefore, the main purpose of the paper is to examine the digital management system, how it is built and how it serves different enterprises to quickly respond to the market and improve their services. This paper develops and implement a framework to examine how digital systems are managed in contemporary businesses, paying particular attention to how new technologies integrate, operate, and impact resource management and operational effectiveness.

The paper aims to present of the problem of the endangerment of the Bulgarian written heritage. The task set for the Bulgarian culture by the present time is urgent, because the preservation of the written cultural legacy is a serious problem which cannot be postponed. We are obliged to look for ways to preserve and make available to the Bulgarian nation and to the international cultural society our rich cultural relics on paper, parchment etc.

Digitalization of public services is a key component in the development of e-government. Citizens’ opinion, needs and overall satisfaction with the provided services are key to the successful implementation of digital transformation across the government sector. Hence, for policy makers it is highly important to develop efficient methods for analyzing public opinion. The main aim of this paper is to use unconventional apparatus to mine public opinion in the Bulgarian government sector. The proposed approach relies on the application of natural language processing and text mining techniques. The study aims at discovering the sentiments and emotions freely expressed by citizens in popular social media websites in Bulgaria. Several topics of public interest are analyzed and insights on public perception of aspects of Bulgarian e-government are derived. Furthermore, benefits and limitations of using sentiment lexicons for mining public opinion are outlined.

The advent of technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, collaborative robotics, the Internet of Things, algorithms and digital work platforms and at the same time a significant increase in the number of people working remotely brings opportunities as well as new challenges and risks in the field of health and safety. Addressing challenges and risks and maximizing opportunities depend on how technologies are used, managed and regulated in the context of social, political and economic trends [1]. This post describes digitization and its use in the field of safety.

Covid-19 pandemic has made it necessary to move work from employers’ workplaces to home offices. The employee works from home using digital technologies. However, the Home Office scheme is accompanied by significant employee costs, covered by private employees’ funds. Among them for example cost of electricity, water, sewers, the cost of suitable workplace equipment and its amortization, costs of quite free space, cost to cover speedy internet. On the other hand, the employers receive work from the employees, b ut the cost of the working environment and resources they save significantly. The Home Office regime will remain in place after the pandemic, so it is time to consider a financial solution to the cost of home office staff – for example, in the form of tax instruments.

Workplace learning supports acquiring knowledge and practical skills also to use up-to-date equipment by formal or informal methods and means and occurs mostly in the workplace. It contributes to learning of employees, employers and the organization as a whole.
As a response to COVID-19 disease, workplace learning had to be changed. Companies need to consider Industry 4.0 to stay competitive in the market. Among the challenges regarding the transformation towards Industry 4.0 are requirements to re-skill the staff for the new work environment by using digital technologies. The staff has to adapt to the workplace transformation brought by digitalization, automation and robotic. So, learning at the workplace should be changed supporting cost-effective delivery modes, easy to access leaning resources, and flexible learning environments. This paper aims to present first some existing forms, benefits and requirements of workplace learning as well as factors that are impacting the workplace and can support to drive a new approach to workplace learning. Second, some learn ing methods
like interdisciplinary experiential ones, reflection as well lifelong learning (LLL) supported by digital technologies are proposed which can be applied within workplace learning.
Results about existing approaches in published papers, including the author ones, as well as of projects in this field have been used.
Recherche has been done by the Study Group Lifelong Learning of the IAT, coordinated by the author. Finally, the methods described in this paper for workplace learning have been tested within an Erasmus+ project with participation of the author. The results should help managers, education responsible, employees to rethink their whole approach to workplace learning: the culture, tools, methods by adopting a new, modern understanding of what it means to learn at work by using digital technologies. The results should be tested also within other projects because due to changed situation during the Covid-19 and after it not all proposed approaches have been applied in optimal conditions. The factors driving workplace learning and the combination of described learning forms described in the paper have not been applied in this form until now.

The digitization and automation of production and logistics technology as part of Industry 4.0 bring many positive aspects. They create the conditions for expanding production capacities, enforcing in a competitive environment by increasing productivity and quality of produced products, new opportunities and new customers, replacing people in dangerous operations and events. This paper deals with the changing perception of the need for digitization brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The global pandemic has changed the responsibilities of managers and the functioning of organizations. Those who had embarked on the path of digital transformation found themselves in a favourable position and quickly adapted to the imposed changes. Their managers had accumulated experience and training for effective management of turbulent organizational change. The adaptation of managers helped to transform the work process and control the implementation of tasks. The report discusses issues related to the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the global pandemic situation on management. Key factors determining the direction of management transformation towards leadership in the conditions of digitalization and “work from home” are described. The essential chara cteristics of the digital literacy of the leader are commented. The impact of artificial intelligence on strategic management and approaches to human capital management is assessed. Observed management problems are studied and guidelines are given to deal with management cha llenges in the context of a global pandemic.