International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

This paper explores the pivotal role of technology and innovation in enhancing the resilience of Bulgaria’s critical infrastructure. It examines the integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, digital twins, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), cyber-physical systems (CPS), and big data analytics in sectors like hazardous waste management, border security, and airport security. By analyzing case studies and current implementations, the paper highlights the successes and challenges faced in adopting these technologies. The study also discusses the importance of public-private partnerships and regulatory frameworks in fostering an environment conducive to technological innovation. The findings underscore the necessity for continuous investment in technology to safeguard critical infrastructure against emerging threats and to ensure long-term sustainability.

Sustainable entrepreneurship development meaning is a big challenge for scientific society and demands cooperation strengthening with entrepreneurs , princely states with structures and with youth who influence they make sustainable development in a new way on understanding and they need innovative approaches .
In this paper we have reviewed and investigated sustainable entrepreneurship development stimulates economic , social and environment dimensions which they form various prerequisites and certain circumstances are filled each other and hand promote in country sustainable entrepreneurial activity high level . It is important that countries they took obligation priority to be granted to advance , for which creativity, knowledge, technology and financial resources of society by addressed will be Sustainable Development Goals – SDGs to achieve all in context . This goals taking into account , by 2030 possible should to become all of a woman and of men complete and productive employment and decent of work achievement.
It is emphasized that countries should support the development of higher education, especially to increase the staff of higher professional education by expanding the educational balance, by increasing the financing of education for sustainable development, for the existence of more knowledgeable and qualified personnel.

This article focuses on the important role that consumer feedback plays in fostering innovation in business. It discusses the importance of listening to and understanding consumer views and preferences when developing new products and services. The article clearly analyses ways to effectively gather and interpret consumer feedback to improve the innovation process and ensure the success of new initiatives. It also discusses the challenges that can arise in processing and interpreting feedback. The article also highlights the benefits of actively involving consumers in the innovation process, including creating loyal customers, satisfied customers, improving competitiveness and minimizing the risk associated with new product launches. Based on a review of recent research and case studies, this article offers insights and guidance for entrepreneurs and managers seeking to effectively integrate consumer feedback into their innovation processes.

The paper presents the conceptual framework of an international project focused on the development of entrepreneurship culture at academic level. Academic entrepreneurship is seen as a means of commercialization, which is the transformation of knowledge into products, processes, and organization and their contribution to economic growth and innovation. In this regard the project is aimed to explore hidden strengths of academic entrepreneurship in detail and in various aspects oriented to students, academic staff, and businesspeople. The project will suggest training materials in line with the changes in the economic environment in recent years to create both entrepreneurial culture and skills to start own business under the supervision by academic entrepreneurs.

Technical Products that companies put on the market must be competitive and must find their way to the customer or the customer must find their way to them. In the vast majority, these are new products or innovated existing products that can offer the customer added value compared to the competition and, above all, induce in him the desire to purchase the product and not just include it in the selection of other competitive products. During the development process of these products, it is necessary to take into account the entire life cycle of the product and not only its operational functions and other operational characteristics, which is quite often neglected. There exist a lot of engineering design methodologies, methods and/or tools implemented in guidelines and standards which help engineering designers to innovate products and to reduce constructional, safety, environmental, etc. risks of Designed (future) Technical Products. Their common feature is especially high dependence on specialized experience of their users, time consuming, and their mutual both conceptual and terminological inconsistency resulting in very difficult compatibility with engineering designing itself.

Big Data is becoming one of the most important technology trends. It presents a potential that is radically changing the way organizations use their information to be closer to customers by organizing in a way that benefits from the customer experience and transforms their business models.
Although Big Data is an ever-climbing trend in terms of industry, its meaning is still hidden by many conceptual ambiguities. The term is used to describe a wide range of concepts: from technological ability to storage, aggregation, data processing and finally their generation. In this paper the focus is at Big Data, because they are the technology of the future and in one way or another, they are affecting every field of industry. Furthermore, companies are increasingly trusting the possibility of using data as a valuable business asset to benefit and bring a competitive advantage compared to other companies. In the paper is presented also a SWOT Analysis that is conducted about Big Data information showing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and risks that they carry. Also are presented the challenges of Big Data Technologies for the future. At the end of the paper, there are conclusions and recommendations about the topic.

Fourth industrial revolution also known as Industry 4.0, is a concept that significantly influences the entire operation of businesses and management. It necessitates changes in individual managerial functions, not excluding decision-making. In management theory, managerial decision making is defined in terms of content through descriptive and normative theories. The aim of the presented article is to examine the normative and descriptive understanding of decision – making in the context of adaptation of individual approaches to changes in the business environment – especially adaptation to technological progress related to the fourth industrial revolution. An overrated aspect of decision-making in this era is its rational side due to the rapid development of computer technology and the availability of rich software support. On the other hand, there is a tendency to bring to the decision-making process the involvement of all involved, collective judgment, the ability to learn from the development of the situation or openness to feedback. The understanding of the decision-making process thus moves from its traditional concept to a new understanding, which includes the above-mentioned factors. Development leads to their integration in the form of a direction that does not yet have a name but means a synergy of rational decision-making and critical thinking and reasoning in the context of descriptive theories. The overall optimal result of the decision-making process is influenced by objective criteria through a rational-normative model, environmental characteristics and subjective influences, personality, and cognitive complexity of the manager.

The main issues are considered in this topic: In this paper is explained the product life cycle model, the brand life cycle model, the comparison between them. The objective of this paper is to present what is brand, brand positioning, the difference between branding and brand refresh, what is branding and what is brand refresh and how to apply it to your image. When you can rebrand or use brand refresh, what is brand strategy and the questions that can be the first step in developing a successful brand strategy.

Explosive changes in technology are having a significant impact on all industries. Robotics, artificial intelligence, cyber physics systems, cloud computing, IoT and blockchain technology, 5G, nanotechnology, 3D printing are all defining elements of Industry 4.0. The integrated use of these methods enables the perception and display of the external environment, which significantly enables improvements in each industry. In the future, we expect a fusion of physical, digital, and biological technologies, which will provide new opportunities for innovative solutions. The authors of the present study present a future study to predict innovative solutions to key global challenges.

The importance of innovation is increasingly emphasized and understood these days to ensure the future growth of enterprise and its survival. Innovations allow companies to coordinate their operations with changes that occur in their environment, changes in the market and with the ever-changing needs of customers. Innovation is understood as a very important factor of organizational performance and its survival and prosperity in a competitive environment. The company’s innovative potential represents the company’s ability to implement all innovation processes and defines how effectively the company can not only create but also use its innovations. The company’s innovation and innovative potential are the most important and complex issues that companies currently face and is the key to the success of all organizations. The competition that companies have to compete with is strong and over time the customer requirements themselves are becoming more and more demanding, so it is increasingly important for the company to be aware of its innovative potential, which it can develop by introducing and using new innovations. It is important for companies to be able to anticipate and address the challenges that come their way and transform them into creative and innovative solutions and to respond effectively to unforeseen events. The main aim of the paper is, based on the analysis of theoretical knowledge, to identify innovation and innovative potential in business management reflecting current changes and challenges in the environment, and to assess their importance by Slovak companies.

In today’s business environment, companies need to take responsibility for their actions and their impact on stakeholders. The company-society relationship must be reciprocal.In this report, we consider implementing innovations in SMEs doing business in Bulgaria, the performance of CSR in practice and whether there is an understanding of the relationship between them. The theory is illustrated by data from an empirical study of 300 companies by the report’s author.

The budget of the European Union is a cornerstone factor in the financial existence of the continent, and a highly important factor in the global economy. Due to both the global Coronavirus pandemic, and the new formations of global trade in the Asia region, the entire world is focusing even more on the way the European Union will finalise its directives for investment for the next programme period between 2021 and 2027. Any impact on the budget will reflect upon programmes supporting Member State innovation.
With the aid of five experts on the field of the European Union, economics, financial culture of Europe, and other relevant topics, a roundtable focus group was formed online to obtain a qualitative insight into the changes in the perspective of the Union towards 2021. The main idea of the authors is to wrap a larger research around parametrising the measurement of innovation in the Union, and making a simplified system for Hungarian SMEs for ease of understanding, and more accessible tender application process. Changes in the finer directives of the Union are necessary, to serve as a basis for selection among the several dozens of criteria the EU employs.