International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The paper presents a theoretical analysis in the field of the application of planetary gear trains in vehicles. The following main areas have been considered: design features of planetary gear trains, specific aspects of the application use of planetary gears in vehicles and possibilities of increasing the efficiency coefficient of these drives. An analysis of the option for investigating these gear sets has been implemented as well. Special attention is dedicated to the options of minimizing energy consumption, taking into account the relevant limitations and operating conditions of planetary gear trains. Conclusions have been deduces. Ideas for future scientific work are presented

The main condition for the effective use of existing reclamation systems in Ukraine is to increase the productivity of reclaimed lands along with improving their ecological condition. This is emphasized in a number of state documents, namely: Presidentia l Decrees, Resolutions of the Verkhovna Rada, Laws of Ukraine. One of the main reasons for the weak dynamics of the revival of the domes tic reclamation complex is the lack of qualified management and technological staff in the infrastructure that provides reclamation agriculture. Therefore, in the educational process these issues are given more and more attention. Reclamation agriculture is considered b y scientists as a complex technology for sustainable development of production in the agricultural sector of the economy. There is a systematic approach to the development of modern technologies and technical means of irrigation for the sustainable development of agricultural production, obtaining quality products, preserving the fertility of lands, fauna and flora that inhabit it with important conceptual tasks of the educational process and research and production activities. Current strategic issues include: the formation of water policy in Ukraine in view of the availability of water resources and the development of adaptation measures in the context of climate change; development of conceptual bases of restoration and development of irrigation and drainage in Ukraine. And also – water resources of Ukraine and modern methods of research of aquatic ecosystems; scientific bases of formation of sustainable bioenergy agroecosystems; system of laboratory diagnostics of water-physical properties of soils; scientific and methodological bases of organization and conduct of ecological and reclamation monitoring; water and ecological risks of transformation of reclaimed lands and ways of their minimization; information technologies in scientific research in the field of agricultural reclamation, etc. Important issues in the development of modern technologies and technical means of irrigation also include: conceptual principles of irrigation management; features of designing irrigation systems; method of setting watering dates – the basis of irrigation regimes; use of the method “Penman-Monteith” for irrigation management; irrigation management based on phytomonitoring; use of remote sensing data for irrigation control; Irrigation management information system “Irrigation online”; operation of irrigation systems; technologies of repair and restoration works on hydraulic structures of irrigation systems, etc.

Transport is the backbone of any city. With its help, links are established between urban areas and the suburbs, as well as social interconnection is carried out. The hub makes it easy to transfer between different routes and types of public transport. The article discusses the classical classification of the tree-dimensional structures of transport hubs, as well as a new extended classification.

Through the development and operation of intelligent security systems, with a focus on critical infrastructure, it is expected to improve the security of the population in our country. This process finds real dimensions in the goals and tasks of the centers of competence, which are in the process of construction during the current period. A key element contributing to the proper functioning of intelligent security systems is its design, in accordance with the specifics of the security environment.
Precisely the synergy of the efforts of the scientific, educational and industrial communities for the development of contemporary models of security systems, structured within the functional scope of the QUASAR competence center, is the basis of this article.

Innovative scientific-technical and pedagogical bases of studying in higher education institutions by future specialists in agroengineering of the theory and calculation fundamental questions of sprinkler nozzles and devices of machines for irrigation of agricultural crops are presented. Some constructive schemes of nozzles, namely, deflector, crack, etc. are analyzed. Graphs for determining the range of the jet and determining the rational shape of the nozzle are given. It is proved that all this can be effectively applied both in the educational process during the study of agricultural machinery and equipment by students and in research and production practice. Depending on the purpose, tasks, methods of technological processes of irrigation disintegration of a water jet on drops is analyzed. An algorithm for calculating the working bodies of sprinklers is presented, it can be used by agricultural engineers during their design activities. It is established that it is effective when students first study and analyze the state of agricultural production, for example, during internships, identify shortcomings of technological processes, opportunities for improvement, level of technical support, and then, using theoretical knowledge, mastered methods of engineering calculations, design and construct working bodies of sprinklers. Formulas for determining the radius of the irrigation sector, the maximum angle of the rocker arm at which the nozzle is attached, the total travel time of the rocker arm in both directions, the speed of the liquid in the jet and more are given. The methodological features of functioning of various designs of nozzles of sprinklers are theoretically described. The results of scientific research presented in the article can be used as didactic material in lectures, during laboratory-practical classes, independent work of students, as well as graduate students and scientists at the stage of design and construction of reclamation machines. The main theoretical provisions are recommended to be included in the list of test tasks for assessing the readiness of agricultural engineering for innovative project activities. It is noted that the study of the basics of designing the working bodies of irrigation machines is one of the factors of a holistic conceptual system of protection of soils and water resources. Emphasis is placed on the fact that soil and water resources are important objects and prerequisites for the development of reclamation machines and the formation of special design competencies of agricultural engineers

The scientific, technical and pedagogical bases of studying issues of soil and water protection by future specialists in agro-engineering in of higher education institutions are presented. Some concepts and categories that are used in the educational process for students to study agricultural land reclamation machinery and equipment are analyzed. Depending on the purpose, tasks, techniques of technological processes, the types of land reclamation measures are distinguished. The example of calculation of working bodies of earthmoving reclamation machines is given. According to the developed innovative studying technologies, students first study and analyze the state of agricultural production, identify the disadvantages of technological processes, the level of technical support, and then, using mathematical apparatus, methods of engineering calculations design and construct a reclamation machine. The methodological features of calculating the power balance of the earth-moving reclamation machine, which includes the power required to: isolate the material to be processed, taking into account its deformation, are theoretically described; the movement of the material being treated, that is, providing it with kinetic energy; lifting of the processed material; overcoming the friction resistance of the treated material against the surface of the working body and guide surfaces; overcoming the full resistance of the movement of the machine, taking into account the slope of the surface of the movement to the horizon; overcoming the propulsion of the propulsion; acceleration of the machine to the calculated speed of movement (overcoming the forces of inertia); drive conveyors and accessories. The developed procedure of laboratory and practical work includes the study of the methods and features of the calculation of balance capacity components of reclamation machines, taking into account such indicators as the type of soil, its density, thickness of layer, productivity, kinematics of the working body, the required lifting height, etc. The lecturer must draw up a general report on the theoretical and practical part of the laboratory and practical work in accordance with his task and protect it from the faculty of the department. The developed pedagogical technology of cross training emphasizes that soil and water resources are important objects and prerequisites for the development of agricultural machines and the formation of design competencies of agricultural engineers.

The high current requirements for the characteristics determining the accuracy, reliability and efficient manufacturing of modern machines, apparatus and devices applicable in various fields of industry and transport in a big extend dictate the applied scientific methodology to the technological synthesis, design and production of gears. In the processes of synthesis and design of the different types of gear transmissions, the designer faces an extremely complex set of questions to solve, which together define the desired optimal construction.
In this case, an optimal design means a gear transmission that is capable of delivering preliminary defined kinematic and / or strength requirements at minimum design, production and operation costs (including the repair costs during their exploitation). This work presents a review of the methodology, developed by the authors, oriented towards the synthesis and design of spatial gear mechanisms (hyperboloid gear drives), realizing rotations transformation between crossed shafts. The main principles, on which the construction of adequate software programs are based for the synthesis of treated transmissions, are presented.

The development of innovative technologies of designing agricultural machines and their influence on the formation of professional competencies of agroengineer is presented. The course designing topics and stages of work implementation are highlighted, which states that during designing a review and analysis of existing structures of this type is performed, the mechanical and technological properties of agricultural materials with which the machine will work (soil, seeds, fertilizers, root crops, etc.) are determined, the agrotechnical requirements and technical requirements for the car are formed, the technological scheme of the design is substantiated and the principle of its work is described, the basic technological, kinematic, hydro or pneumatic mechanical parameters, the forces acting on the working bodies, traction resistance and power consumption are determined, calculations are made for the strength of the changed structural elements, the technical passport of the machine is drawn up, the technical and economic indicators are determined, the technological scheme is drawn up, the description is made and the formula of the invention is compiled according to the requirements of the patent documents. It is noted that the successful completion of the course work on agricultural machines involves interdisciplinary connections with other disciplines, for example, such as the mechanical and technological properties of agricultural materials, the basis of engineering methods for calculation of strength and rigidity, machine parts and design principles, agriculture, the basis intellectual property, the basis of scientific research, etc. An example of an approximate algorithm for calculating and designing an agricultural machine on the example of a grain seed drill is given. The factors emphasizing the quality of preparation of agroengineering specialists, development of capabilities for performing design functions are highlighted.

Due to the small and strictly organized space of a train car, the internal dimensions offer limited possibilities to redesign and extend the luggage storage space in order to accommodate a larger baggage. In order to have easy access and to be user friendly, the aim of this paper is to design an external baggage storage system for passenger trains. The system proposed, has a chain transmission and it is designed to accommodate the biggest size luggage commercially available.

Cities are faced with many challenges, in particular in relation to the mobility of people and the structure of land-use. Parking management, which makes the link between the fields of urban planning and transportation, is one of the crucial ways to meet these challenges.

The problem of parking in the capital of Kosovo in Prishtina is a major concern for the citizens and central and local authorities. For the purpose of easier parking problem study, the first ring of the center zone of Prishtina is divided into XI sub zones. During the collection of data directly from XI sub zones through the observation- survey method, it was noted that the biggest problems are in the sub zones II. Therefore, in this paper is analyzed sub zone II through the parking statistics such as parking causes, accumulation, parking loads, parking duration. After the analysis, findings are made on the choice of the parking problem for this sub zones.

This paper discusses the research methodologies utilized for developing a suspension system for a four wheel-drive terrain vehicles. The main research methods can be identified as literature studies; design processes by applying CAD systems, numerical analyses methods, mathematical modeling and simulation, optimization of the mechanical systems, as well as the comparison, analysis, and evaluation of the obtained results. The proposed suspension system for the terrain vehicle was successfully derived at from a classic double wishbone control arm. Optimization of the suspension parameters for passive ones is performed by Multi Objective Genetic Algorithms, whilst for active damping force by employing Hooke-Jeeves non-linear programming method. On the basis of comprehensive analysis it is shown the active systems are more adequate. The proposed suspension design provides relatively small lateral wheel motion, zero camber angles, and effectively absorbs the vibrations caused by road excitation.

In this paper is presented Synthesis of a for-bar linkage mechanism of the lift car extrusion. In this mechanism are introduced even higher kinematic pairs. The movement of the mechanism is repeated periodically and it is sufficient to do its kinematic study for an angle 75 [deg]. The description of the mechanism movement can be performed in the grafoanalytical or analytical path by centers of speed moments, which belong to a narrow link and a loop of the center mechanism, and the instant centers belonging to the two related movements. In the kinematic analysis of the forward mechanisms are used graphical methods. These are simple and universal, making it possible to determine the positions, velocity and acceleration of the links of any structure. With the application of contemporary calculating technology, the graphical methods in the analysis of mechanisms take the right place. The velocity of each link of the mechanism linkage that performs the movement of the plane can be shown as very geometric of the instant center speed and the speed of rotation around the center of the instantaneous. The analysis will be performed by Math Cad software, while kinetostatic analysis will be carried out using Contour Method, comparing results of two different software‘s Math CAD and Working Model. The simulation parameters will be computed for all points of the contours of mechanism. For the simulations results we have use MathCad and Working Model software’s.