International Scientific Journals
of Scientific Technical Union of Mechanical Engineering "Industry 4.0"

The paper deals with importance of practical education and training in system of education, its legal regulation in Higher Vocational Education Act and different regulations in Slovenia. Vocational education and training – VET- is a great way to improve quality and efficiency of study, making students more prepared for working conditions and desirable to employer. EU integration made new possibilities to improve it with programs like Erasmus+ and financing different projects regarding VET. One of the projects is presented in this paper as an example of a good connection between the school and the local economy through the construction and operation of a manufacturing learning laboratory, which seeks to reduce the gap between education and the labour market in one of the Slovenian regions.

The new decade symbolically heralds the year of innovations and advancements in automobile sector. Dutch company “Lightyear” has announced that the first “long-range” solar-powered car arrives in 2021. “Lightyear One” will be charged on the household socket, and with a charged battery will be able to cover a distance of 725 kilometars.
At the fair in Las Vegas, a special place was given to electric “Mustang“ with 900 hp. Among the many versions of “Ford Mustang“, for this model six-speed manual transmission was designed and the driver has at disposal three regimes, and the system is controlled by a large central touch screen.
The new European drone regulation, in effect July 1st 2020 will require new compliance and registrations by their users. Unfortunately, during 2019, the public learned that “Audi” is withdrawing 138.000 A3 models of the following class, because their airbag does not open due to a malfunction, (models were manufactured between years 2015 and 2019) and these are: 2015-2019 A3 Sedan, 2015 – 2019 A3 Cabriolet (convertible), 2016-2018 A3 E-Tron (plug-in hybrid), 2017-2019 RS3 (based on the A3), 2015-2016 S3 Sedan (based on the A3).
At the end of 2019, the merger of “Fiat Craisler” and “Peugeot – Citroen”, the two auto giants on the basis of 50:50 and production of 8.7 million cars a year were announced. More recent information comes with the knowledge that these car companies which are in negotiations will sign the merger agreement, which would create the fourth largest car producer in the world. In Serbia there is shortage of about 10.000 drivers and from 80.000 active, already about 10.000 so far took the card and certificate for driving motor vehicles through Europe. Drivers are still in the category of the most wanted professions. In Belgrade City Transportation
Enterprise is planning to hire 110 new drivers for the largest city carrier. Interesting is also the phenomenon of electric scooters that became almost mandatory means of transport in cities throughout the world. These vehicles necessarily need legal restrictions, and it is interesting that Germany already limits the use of electric scooters.

It is established that the main activities include: exercising control over the rational use of resources; reducing the cost of using and maintaining outdated equipment; increasing of production capacity; upgrading of equipment; improvement of production technology; production of unique products and improvement of their quality; diversification; automation of the production process by eliminating manual labor; reduction of pollutant emissions, search for new sources of raw materials; rational use of working capital and fixed assets. It is noted that marketing directions in the process of monitoring and adjusting the strategy, diagnostics and finding prospects for its further use include a set of actions concerning: exploring new markets for products; use of discount system for goods and services; application of modern pricing methods; product updates; production of new products according to existing orders; new methods of product promotion; improving customer service. The financial directions in the process of monitoring and adjusting the strategy, diagnostics and finding prospects for its further use are determined, they are aimed at providing the process of development and implementation of the IA strategy with sufficient financial resources, correlation of the planned effect with the achieved, estimation of the amount of expenses for carrying out research works, development technologies, their introduction into production, production of new products, its supply, search for consumers. The justified use of financial directions in the process of monitoring and adjusting the strategy, diagnostics and finding prospects for its further use allows to create some methods of protection from risks impact, to improve financial activity of the enterprise, to rise the effectiveness of IA organization, to increase sales volumes.. The factors of influence on the development of innovation strategy and the development of innovation activity of industrial enterprises are suggested.

The Russian Federation average about 3000 tons of uranium per year from its own mines. Russian uranium mining companies work in Kazakhstan, Canada and other countries either directly or through companies they purchase. Its businesses export fuel in all parts of the world and are getting more stable on the world market despite the sanctions imposed.

This paper deals with Dynamic analysis of Gantry Crane using Method of Schematic Design which implements schemes with block diagrams to analyze machines and their parts during work process. This procedure is new to analysis of Gantry crane dynamics and consists of crane model development of interconnected elements that represents crane parts, 3-D visualization and motion of crane. Dynamic analysis will be carried through simulations and solution of Euler differential equations of second order gained from schematic design. Simulations will be planned and applied for regulation of travel motion with hanging load. Diagrams with results of main dynamic and kinematic parameters will be presented for main parts of crane as the solution results of the analyzed system. Results gained will be used to get conclusions about dynamic behavior, optimal motion regulation and safety during work. Analysis will be done using modeling and simulations with computer application MapleSim.

Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is considered as an invasive alien weed species. Based on the former field surveys, five million hectares, cca. 85% of the Hungarian agricultural area is endangered by ragweed; while around 0.7 million hectares are strongly infected. Cereal stubble is a major habitat of late-growing ragweed populations. Almost 60% of allergic patients (meaning 1.5-2 million people) suffer from ragweed pollen allergy in Hungary. Pollen concentration was measured in the air using Hirst-type pollen traps from year 2000 to 2016 at 19 monitoring stations in Hungary. A map of the crop types were created, using declared parcels of area based payments, validated by remote sensing data. Linear regression was applied to calculate relationship between seasonal pollen index and crop types at each monitoring stations. Our results showed that the land cover area of cereals, corn and sunflower showed positive correlation with ragweed pollen concentrations. This positive correlation had been changed in 2016 that is why we had started to analyse the changes of the system and their potential effects. Unexpectedly, the pollen concentration decreased rapidly in early September of 2016. No precipitation occurred at this time, i.e. reduction of pollen level could not be explained by the wash out of pollen grain from the air by raindrops. Among the possible reasons, the effect of the newly introduced greening obligations related to the area based direct payments (based on the EC regulation 1307/2013) was concerned. The new diversification requirement under the greening contains the possibility of planting catch crops between successive plantings of a main crops, that is why it have a direct effect on the arable stubble management. It is supposed that the late-growing ragweed populations may be suppressed by the catch crops. In order to perform effective ragweed eradication, further studies are needed to optimize agricultural technologies of stubble management.

On the basis of experimental data the analysis of dynamics of processes of regulation of thermal regimes in dryers with a gravitational moving layer is made. As the object of control, the dryer is a difficult dynamic system. This is the multiply connected, the distributed dynamical object with considerable inertia and with transport lag. Its static characteristics are nonlinear. It is established, that the humidity and velocity of the grain layer affect its aerodynamic resistance. In the manufacturing conditions, their changing excite considerable fluctuation of the gas flow and the heat in the camera of dryer, leading to fluctuations in the temperature of grain. In this connection, it is established that stabilization of temperature of the heat carrier does not provide stabilization of temperature of grain. For the best stabilization of regimes, the system of regulation of amount of heat in the camera of dryer is offered. The system includes a control loop of temperature and a control loop of speed of gas, whose works provide stabilization of heat flow.